Francine Shapiro Library: EMDR Bibliography
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1. Adler-Tapia, R. L. (2008). EMDR group treatment fidelity manual. Unknown.
Language: English
Format: Book
Abstract: This manual is based on EMDR theory created by Dr. Francine Shapiro and documented in Dr. Shapiro’s Books (1995, 2001), the fidelity manual created by Korn, D.L. & Spinazzola, J. (January, 2001), and the fidelity scales created by Korn, D.L., Zangwill, W., Lipke, H. & Smyth, N. (January, 2001). All resources are documented in the reference section of this manual. This manual was edited by Francine Shapiro, Robbie Dunton, and Andrew Leeds.
Keywords: Group Treatment Fidelity
2. Adúriz, M. E., Bluthgen, C., & Knopfler, C. (2009, May). Helping child flood victims using group EMDR intervention in Argentina: Treatment outcome and gender differences. International Journal of Stress Management, 16(2), 138-153.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: A comprehensive group intervention with 124 children who experienced disaster-related trauma during a massive flood in Santa Fe, Argentina, in 2003 is illustrated, utilizing a one-session group eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) protocol. A posttreatment session was done 3 months after the treatment intervention to evaluate results. Results of this one-session treatment procedure, utilizing the EMDR-Integrative Group Treatment Protocol, showed statistically significant reduction of symptoms immediately after the intervention. These statistically significant differences were sustained at posttreatment evaluation 3 months later, as measured by psychometric scales, and by clinical and behavioral observation. Data analysis also revealed significant gender differences. Despite methodological limitations, this study supports the efficacy of EMDR group treatment in the amelioration and prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, providing an efficient, simple, and economic (in terms of time and resources) tool for disaster-related trauma. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Children Trauma Disaster Argentina Flood Victims
3. Amundsen, J. E., & Karstad, K. (2006, May). Om bare Jeppe visste...- EMDR og rusbehandling - [Integrating EMDR and the treatment of substance abuse]. Tidsskrift for Norsk Psykologforening, 43(5), 469-475.
Language: Norwegian
Format: Journal
Abstract: This article focuses on the use of EMDR in the treatment of clients with substance abuse. Persons in this client group seem to display a high rate of symptoms related to PTSD. The authors present a theoretical rationale for treatment of substance abuse and trauma. Referring to 20 different treatment cases employing EMDR, they demonstrate how EMDR can be used to help persons in this particular client group. Potential problems arising during treatment are also discussed. The authors suggest that the traditional EMDR protocol should be adapted for use with this client group. They conclude that the use of EMDR in the treatment of clients with substance abuse does indeed seem both useful and beneficial. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Substance Abuse Client Group Treatment PTSD Clients Drug Abuse Symptoms
4. Artigas, L., Jarero, I., Alcala, N., & Cano, T. L. (2009). The EMDR intregrative group treatment protocol (IGTP). In M. Luber (Ed.), Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) scripted protocols: Basics and special situations, (pp. 279-288). New York: Springer, pp. 450.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract: The effectiveness of EMDR with trauma survivors has been widely reported. Studies support the use of EMDR in the treatment of symptoms caused by trauma in children and adolescents, and they have evaluated the usefulness of EMDR following disaster events Group therapy is a well-proven form of treatment for traumatized children and adolescents. The EMDR Integrative Group Treatment Protocol (IGTP) combines the Standard EMDR treatment Phases 1 through 8 with a Group Therapy model. Designed initially for work with children, the EMDR-IGTP has also been found suitable for group work with adults. The EMDR Integrative Treatment Protocol Script is provided. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: EMDR Integrative Group Treatment Protocol Children Adolescents Disaster Trauma Group Therapy Trauma Survivors
5. Becker-Fritz, T., Carson, S., Donovan, L., Froning, M., Heiman, M., Peterson, G., & Packwood, B. (2003, September). Open forum to share clinical uses of EMDR with child/adolescent population - Facilitated by the EMDRIA Child/Adolescent Special Interest Group Chairs. Open form presented at the annual EMDRIA Conference, Denver, CO.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Many clinicians who work with children and adolescents struggle with applying the basic protocol for EMDR for this population. It can feel overwhelming for the clinician to be creative within their own practice without support for what they are doing, or suggestions on other strategies that may be more effective. This conversation hour session, lasting 3 hours, will provide a panel of professionals from different fields of expertise to lead a discussion of clinical applications of EMDR when treating chlldren and adolsecents. Topics that will be presented and followed with audience discussion include use of EMDR with the following: attachment disorders, children and adolescents in residential treatment, dissociative disorders, sexually reactive kids, children with AD/HD, and unresolved grief issues. The members of the panel are the current chairs of the Child/Adolescent SIG who will share their expertise with the audience.
Keywords: Adolescents Children Open Forum
6. Birnbaum, A. (2009). A written workbook for individual or group EMDR. In M. Luber (Ed.), Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) scripted protocols: Basics and special situations, (pp. 297-338). New York: Springer, pp. 450.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract: Early group EMDR intervention following trauma may facilitate adaptive processing of traumatic event (s) and help prevent consolidation of traumatic memories following large-scale natural or man-made disaster. Group EMDR may also be usefully applied with homogenous groups, and where professionals are exposed to high levels of work-related stress. Writing is a useful clinical tool in narrative therapy, bibliotherapy and writing therapy. Written journaling to monitor behavior is commonly practiced between sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy. In EMDR, clients are instructed to keep a log between sessions. Writing during group EMDR has been employed with survivors of the East Asia Tsunami of 2004, and with Israeli civilian refugees and military casualty notification officers in the Lebanese War of 2006. This chapter focuses on the Group EMDR Workbook protocol. [PsycINFO Database]
Keywords: Early Group EMDR Intervention Trauma Disasters Written Journaling Written Workbook
7. Bisson, J. I., Ehlers, A., Matthews, R., Pilling, S., Richards, D., & Turner, S. (2007, February). Psychological treatments for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder: Systematic review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Psychiatry, 190(2), 97-104.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The relative efficacy of different psychological treatments for chronic PTSD is unclear.AIMS: To determine the efficacy of specific psychological treatments for chronic PTSD. METHOD: In a systematic review of randomised controlled trials, eligible studies were assessed against methodological quality criteria and data were extracted and analysed. RESULTS: 38 randomised controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. Trauma-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy (TFCBT), eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR), stress management, and group cognitive-behavioural therapy improved PTSD symptoms more than waiting-list or usual care. There was inconclusive evidence regarding other therapies. There was no evidence of a difference in efficacy between TFCBT and EMDR but there was some evidence that TFCBT and EMDR were superior to stress management and other therapies, and that stress management was superior to other therapies. CONCLUSIONS: The first-line psychological treatment for PTSD should be trauma-focused (TFCBT or EMDR). [Author Abstract]
Keywords: PTSD Cognitive Behavior Therapy Group Counseling Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Stress Management Chronic Mental Illness Cognitive Therapy Trauma Literature Review Systematic Review Meta Analysis
8. Boèl, J. (2000, September). The butterfly hug plus drawings: Clinical and self-care applications. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Toronto, Ontario Canada.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Participants will be able to: 1) identify several vicarious traumatization and negative countertransference issues which commonly arise when working as a therapist with trauma victims; 2) demonstrate the use of countralateral self-stimulation and drawings based on a standard EMDR protocol applied to stressful work-related issues; and 3) describe the use of contralateral self-stimulation and drawings based on a standard EMDR protocol may be modified with individuals or groups of adults or older children.
Keywords: Butterfly Hug Contralateral Self-Stimulation Work-Related Stress Drawings Groups
9. Colt, K. M., & Marvasti, J. A. (2004). Innovative therapies for trauma related disorders: TARGET, TREM, and EMDR. In J. A. Marvasti (Ed.), Psychiatric treatment of victims and survivors of sexual trauma: A neuro-bio-psychological approach (pp. 73-95). Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract: In this chapter, Marvasti and Colt explore the victims' response to trauma and examine nontraditional treatment models for psychological trauma. The TARGET model (Trauma Adaptive Recovery Group Education and Therapy) of treatment focuses on current symptoms. Treatment is aimed at helping the victim move from maladaptive patterns of thought and behavior toward healthy ways of managing life. TREM (Trauma Recovery and Empowerment Model) was created to assist disempowered female victims of trauma to develop self-esteem and coping skills. EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) is a set of protocols designed to decrease the symptoms of traumatic stress by use of rhythmic movements and cognitive restructuring. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Nontraditional Treatment Models Sexual Abuse Psychological Trauma Symptoms Group Education and Therapy Empowerment Female Victims Emotional Trauma Group Psychotherapy Treatment Human Females Models Victimization
10. Daniel, K. (1994, March 1). Therapy helps combat veterans: VA doctor wants to test groups of veterans to show how process can reduce painful memories. Augusta, GA: The Augusta Chronicle, All, Metro, A10.
Language: English
Format: Newspaper
Abstract: The image is familiar: A combat veteran so bothered by the memories of war that he cannot live a normal life seeks therapy to erase his demons. What you won't recognize is the treatment he's now likely to receive. A new form of therapy, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, or EMDR, is being used at Veterans Affairs centers across the country to help veterans who suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder. Described as ``slightly odd,'' EMDR incorporates rapid-eye movements into an otherwise typical therapy session, making it sort of a shifty-eyed, shell-shocked trip into the potholes of memory lane.
Keywords: Veterans Combat Augusta
11. DeRubeis, R., & Crits-Christoph, P. (1998, February). Empirically supported individual and group psychological treatments for adult mental disorders. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 66(1), 37-52.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: The experimental literature on individual and group psychological treatments for adult disorders is reviewed. For each of the 11 disorders or problems covered, treatments that fall into the following categories, as defined by D.L. Chambless and S. D. Hollon (1998), are identified: efficacious and specific, efficacious, and possibly efficacious. Behavioral and cognitive-behavioral treatments dominate the lists, especially in the anxiety disorders, with notable exceptions. Reasons for the hegemony of the behavioral and cognitive modalities are discussed, and some limitations of the empirically supported treatment concept are addressed. Continued research is recommended on Aptitude x Treatment interactions, cost-benefit ratios, and generalization of treatments to a variety of patient populations, therapists, and treatment settings.
Keywords: Review
12. Ehntholt, K. A., Smith, P. A., & Yule, W. (2005, April). School-based cognitive-behavioural therapy group intervention for refugee children who have experienced war-related trauma. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 10(2), 235-250.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a school-based group intervention designed for children who have experienced trauma. Twenty-six children (aged 11–15 years) who were refugees or asylum-seekers from war-affected countries participated. The manual-based intervention consisted of cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) techniques and was implemented within secondary schools. The treatment group (n = 15) received six sessions of group CBT over a 6-week period, while the control group (n = 11) were placed on a waiting list for 6 weeks and then invited to enter treatment. Children in the CBT group showed statistically significant, but clinically modest improvements following the intervention, with decreases in overall severity of post-traumatic stress symptoms. Significant improvements were also found in overall behavioural difficulties and emotional symptoms. Children in the waiting list control group did not show any improvements over the same period. However, follow-up data, which were only available for a small subset of eight children, suggest that gains in the CBT group were not maintained at 2-month follow-up.
Keywords: Children Group CBT PTSD Refugees School
13. Eliscu, D., & deGraffenried, D. (2009, August). EMDR group work in community mental health: engagement, stabilization, and preparation for treatment. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: This workshop will address innovative EMDR group practice within an outpatient community mental health setting. As the poor, people of color, the disenfranchised, and multiply traumatized become our agency clients, clinicians are developing innovative, recovery oriented and solution based treatment models. Specific content to be reviewed will include a revolving five-session, time limited group model, teaching the theory of EMDR in a group setting, helping clients to recognize affect, use of limited BLS in group sessions, evaluative client solution based satisfaction scaling questions, and flexible group composition. Client videos will be shown to explore client feedback, satisfaction, and how the group process has supported and enhanced their recovery.
Keywords: Community Mental Health Group Work
14. EPPD Task Group (2003, December). The EPPD Task Group introduced EMDRIA’s definition of EMDR. EMDRIA Newsletter, 8(4), 14-15.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract: The EMDRIA Board of Directors has charged the Educational Program and Professional Development (EPPD) Task Group with the task of developing policies for all educational programs and professional development. These umbrella policies will provide consistency and creditability throughout all programs to maintain the integrity of EMDR in training, practice, and research. All EMDRIA programs and products will be aligned with the existing and emerging knowledge and scientific research on EMDR. To that end, the EPPD Task Group has completed a twotiered definition of EMDR, which is rooted in the current scientific research on EMDR. The Tier One definition is designed for the general public. The Tier Two definition is for EMDRIA use, to guide the development of all programs and products throughout the organization. The Tier Two definition is also for external distribution and to be the basis for explaining EMDR to the public and other professionals. As the foundation, this definition will direct EMDRIA in every aspect of the organization from training and continuing education programs in EMDR, standards of practice, research, publications, and EMDRIA Member support programs, such as Clinician Support and Regional Coordinating programs. The EPPD Task Group introduces EMDRIA’s Definition of EMDR.
Keywords: Definition of EMDR
15. Forte, K. (1999, Fall). Group EMDR therapy in young children. EMDRIA Newsletter, 4(4 Child and Adolescent Issue, Special Edition), 20-22.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract: Children, Adolescents, and EMDR: A closer look
Keywords: Children Adolescents
16. Grandison, P. (2007). A combined approach: Using EMDR within a framework of solution focused brief therapy. Educational and Child Psychology, 24(1), 56-64.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: This paper reports on a qualitative, exploratory study that creatively combined two therapeutic approaches: eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) and solution focused brief therapy. It was expected that the use of techniques drawn from solution focused brief therapy could help children to facilitate and enhance the use of techniques within EMDR. In particular, techniques focusing on current and future positive resource installation were utilised. Five primary school children age 9 to 11 years were identified by class teachers and parents as presenting as shy, anxious and lacking self-confidence. The group intervention took place in school over six sessions. Within the group setting, the children targeted their own individual area that they wished to improve. Data were collected during and after each session and post-intervention. Increases in children’s self confidence and an improvement in targeted areas were reported by children, parents and teachers. Children found the intervention helpful and were able to identify particular aspects of solution focused brief therapy and EMDR that were useful.
Keywords: Solution Focused Brief Therapy Primary School Children Children's Techniques Shyness Anxious Self-Confidence Group Intervention Brief Psychotherapy Educational Psychology Group Psychotherapy Psychotherapeutic Techniques Anxiety Problem Solving Self Confidence Timidity Empirical Study Qualitative Study
17. Greenwald, R. (1999, June). Child and adolescent special interest group. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Las Vegas, NV.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: This special interest group is devoted to fostering the development and availablity of EMDR for children and adolescents. Possible SIG sponsored activities may include: information clearinghouse; development of practice and training standards; protocols for speical populations; education of professional, school, medical, and lay communities; peer support for research and writing; and advocacy for underserved child/adolescent populations. At this meeting we will discuss and begin to plan the first activities to be sponsored by this group.
Keywords: Children Adolescents SIG
18. Greenwald, R. (1997, July). Organizational meeting of the special interest group for children and adolescents. Paper presented at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, San Francisco, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Keywords: Children Adolescents
19. Istanbul Metropole Municipality. (2009, June). The EMDR integrated group treatment with child victims of a terrorist bombing in Istanbul. Symposium presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Keywords: Symposium PTSD Research Terrorists Bombing Istanbul
20. Jarero, I., Artigas, L., & Hartung, J. (2006). EMDR integrative group treatment protocol: A postdisaster trauma intervention for children and adults. Traumatology, 12(2), 121-129.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is recognized as an effective and efficient treatment for trauma-related issues. This article describes an integrated EMDR and group treatment for children and adults traumatized by natural disasters in several Latin American countries. This protocol combines the eight standard EMDR treatment phases with a group therapy model. The hypothesis is that the resulting hybrid offers more extensive reach than did the original EMDR model, which was intended for use with individuals, and takes treatment efficacy and efficiency well beyond that expected from traditional group process. To illustrate the application of the model, one formally measured field study and nine pilot projects are described. The promising results of this intervention suggest that EMDR is an effective means of providing treatment to large groups of people impacted by large-scale traumatic events (e.g., natural disasters). Controlled research is needed to clarify this issue.
Keywords: Latin America Natural Disaster PSTD Trauma Children
21. Jarero, I., Artigas, L., & Hartung, J. G. (2005, March). Protocolo grupal e integrativo con EMDR: Intervención post-catástrofe para niños y adultos - [EMDR integrative group treatment: A postdisaster trauma intervention for children and adults]. Revista de Psicotrauma para Iberoamérica, 4(1), 22-29 .
Language: Spanish
Format: Journal
Abstract: El Reprocesamiento y Desensibilización a través del Movimiento Ocular (EMDR) por sus siglas en inglés, es reconocido como un tratamiento efectivo y eficiente para tratar asuntos relacionados con trauma. Este artículo describe la aplicación de una intervención grupal con EMDR para niños y adultos traumatizados por desastres naturales en varios países de Latinoamérica. Para ejemplificar la aplicación del modelo, se describe un estudio de campo medido formalmente y nueve proyectos piloto. Los prometedores resultados de esta intervención grupal sugieren que el EMDR es un medio efectivo para dar tratamiento a grandes grupos de personas afectadas por eventos traumáticos en gran escala (desastres naturales, terrorismo). Es necesaria más investigación controlada sobre este tema.
EMDR has been accepted as an effective and efficient approach in the treatment of trauma related issues. A model is described for using an EMDR group intervention for children and adults traumatized by natural disasters in several Latin American countries. To exemplify the application of the model, one formally measured field study and nine pilot projects are described. The promising outcomes of this intervention suggest that EMDR is an effective means for providing treatment to large groups of survivors affected by large scale traumatic events (natural disasters, terrorism, etc.). Anyway, more controlled research about this issue is needed. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Natural Disasters Survivors School Age Children Adolescents Adults Group Psychotherapy Mexicans Nicaraguans Salvadorans Colombians Venezuelans Argentines Latinoamérica Desastre Natural Estrés Postraumático Trauma
22. Jarero, I., Artigas, L., & Mauer, M. (2001, June). EMDR integrative group treatment protocol. Paper presented at the annuual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Austin, TX.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Participants will be able to describe the design, implementation, and results of the EMDR Integrative Group Treatment Protocol for diaster survivors. Participants will have the opportunity to learn the application of protocol with adults throught experiential demonstration.
Keywords: Group Treatment Protocol Malattunement
23. Jarero, I., Artigas, L., Montero, M., & Lena, L. (2008). The EMDR integrative group treatment protocol: Application with child victims of a mass disaster. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 2(2), 97-105.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: The EMDR Integrative Group Treatment protocol (EMDR-IGTP) has been used in different parts of the world since 1998 with both adults and children after natural or man-made disasters. This protocol combines the eight standard EMDR treatment phases with a group therapy model, thus providing more extensive reach than the individual application of EMDR. In this study the EMDR-IGTP was used with 16 bereaved children after a human provoked disaster in the Mexican State of Coahuila in 2006. Results showed a significant decrease in scores on the Child's Reaction to Traumatic Events Scale that was maintained at 3-month follow-up. Although controlled research is needed to establish the efficacy of this intervention, preliminary results suggest that EMDR-IGTP may be an effective means of providing treatment to large groups of people impacted by large-scale critical incidents (e.g., human-provoked disasters, terrorism, natural disasters. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Group Treatment Latin American Human-Provoked Disaster PTSD Children Group Psychotherapy Explosions Industrial Accidents Death of Parent Survivors Mexicans School Age Children Psychotherapeutic Processes Treatment Effectiveness Males Females
24. Karakus, D., & Kahveci, S. (2009, June). The effect of RDI on test anxiety with a group setting of adolescents. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Keywords: Research Adolescents Group Setting RDI Test Anxiety
25. Korkmazler-Oral, U., & Pamuk, S. (2002). Group EMDR with child survivors of the earthquake in Turkey. In J. Morris-Smith (Ed.), EMDR : clinical applications with children, Occasional paper no. 19 (pp. 47-50) London : The Association for Child Psychology and Psychiatry. pp.52.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract: This study was structured under emergency conditions to support and help children psychologically, just after the acute period of the earthquake that took place on 17 August 1999 in Turkey. EMDR, healing stories and artwork were administered to 16 children (10-11 years old) on a group basis in the tent city. Their symptoms were restlessness, not being able to stay alone, fear of the dark, fear of loud noises and anxiety. The children enjoyed the opportunity to express and reprocess their traumatic experiences with the help of EMDR and artwork, which became apparent when their SUDs level went down from 9/10 to 10.
Keywords: Occasional Paper Children Survivors Earthquake
26. Kutz, I., & Bleich, A. (2005). Mental health interventions in a general hospital following terrorist attacks: The Israeli experience. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment and Trauma, 10(1/2), 425-437.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: Over three years of repeated terrorist attacks in Israel have shown that the victims suffering from acute stress syndromes constitute the bulk of the casualties. The large number of psychological victims presents an immediate problem of hospital surge capacity. The need for alleviating acute suffering and preventing chronic, disabling posttraumatic syndromes requires organizational and clinical skills. The article reviews deployment and intervention protocols for the treatment of victims and affected staff members in a general hospital setting. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Terrorism Survivors Israelis Acute Stress Disorder Crisis PTSD Emergency Rooms Group Psychotherapy
27. Laub, B., & Bar-Sade, E. (2009). The IMMA EMDR group protocol. In M. Luber (Ed.), Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) scripted protocols: Basics and special situations, (pp. 289-296). New York: Springer, pp. 450.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract: The Imma Group Protocol is based on the Integrative Group Treatment Protocol (IGTP) by Jarero, Artigas, Alcala, and Lopez Cano (see record 2009-08399-029), the Four Elements Exercise by Elan Shapiro (see record 2009-08399-009), and the principles of group therapy work. This protocol is designed for small groups of children from the age of 5 upward. The language can, of course, be adjusted to suit the developmental level of the group. The protocol is to be used only by EMDR-trained therapists. The therapist must have the ability to react on the spot, evaluate, and provide further treatment for clients who are overwhelmed by the traumatic material. We recommend that work with this protocol include at least two group facilitators, in addition to the leader, in order to monitor the group and help the children carry out the instructions. The younger the children, the more facilitators are needed to insure that each child feels safe and emotionally supported. The appropriate scripts are provided. [PsycINFO Database]
28. Lovell, C. (2005). Utilizing EMDR and DBT techniques in trauma and abuse recovery groups. In R. Shapiro (Ed.), EMDR solutions: Pathways to healing (pp. 263-282). New York: W W Norton & Co. xi, 360 pp.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract: Marsha Linehan's dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is a wonderfully effective treatment for people with borderline personality. It is a non-blaming, compassionate, therapeutic approach, based solidly on research data about what borderline personality disorder (BPD) is and how to treat it effectively. I have used the techniques of DBT for the past 9 years in trauma and abuse recovery groups for women. DBT provides a solid foundation for the group. EMDR, adjunct therapies, and other trauma related resources complete DBT by including the treatment of trauma within the group setting. The groups are successful in that the intensity of symptoms decreases and the group members report feeling increased competency regulating their emotions. [Adapted from Text, p. 263] [Pilots]
Keywords: Cognitive Therapy Group Psychotherapy Stressors Survivors Psychotherapeutic Processes Borderline Personality Disorder PTSD Adults Females Comorbidity
29. Lovell, C., & Langford, K. (2005, September). Utilizing EMDR and DBT techniques in trauma and abuse recovery groups. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: There is a strong link between Borderline Personality Disorder and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. DBT is the most effective method of treating Borderline Personality Disorder. EMDR and adjunct therapies may be effectively incorporated into these groups for more substantial results that remain over time. As new skills are mastered. EMDR is the most effective method of strengthening these. Increasing mindfulness, improving interpersonal relationships and improving emotional regulation skills, are of tremendous benefit to PTSD patients. In this workshop, participants will learn the format to do this and receive suggestions for the ways to use EMDR and adjunct therapies to increase results over time.
Keywords: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, CBT Trauma Recovery Groups Dialetic Behavioral Therapy Borderline Personality Disorder PTSD
30. Lovell, C., & Langford, K. (2003, September). Utilizing EMDR techniques in trauma and abuse recovery groups. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Group therapy is recognized by clinicians as an effective method for treating victims of trauma and abuse. The presenters of this interactive workshop began their work with groups seven years ago using the basic format of Marcia Linehan. They have completed twelve of these groups. Each year they evaluate the processes, adding theories and techniques to increase its effectiveness. The theories of Colin Ross, John Bradshaw, David Burns, and others combine to create a 32 week format, divided into four modules. EMDR techniques are used with, the group to increase the speed and effectiveness of symptom reduction. The uniqueness of this presentation centers around the fact that EMDR is used within the group setting to enhance a program that is already working well to facilitate lmproved life skills in trauma and abuse victims.
Keywords: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, CBT Trauma Recovery Groups Linehan
31. Maxfield, L. (1999, Nov). Relationship between efficacy and methodology in the treatment of PTSD with EMDR. In C. R. Figley (Chair), Review of neoteric trauma treatments and suggested practice guidelines. International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Miami, FL.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Keywords: Group Discussion
32. Maxfield, L. (1999, November). Relationship between efficacy and methodology in the treatment of PTSD with EMDR. In N. Smyth (Chair), EMDR Special Interest Group Meeting. Paper presented at the Advancement of Behavior Therapy, Toronto, Ontario Canada.
Language: English
Format: Conference
33. Muller, K. M. & Vincent, C. (Publication Date Unknown). Information processing group (A pilot study). Unknown.
Language: English
Format: Other
Keywords: Pilot Study
34. Pagani, M., Nardo, D., Flumeri, F., Salmaso, D., Looi, J., Sanchez-Crespo, A., Larsson, S. A., Sundin, Ö., & Högberg, G. (2009, January). Volumetric changes in PTSD and in a subgroup of PTSD patients not responding to EMDR psychotherapy. Poster presented at the 17th European Congress of Psychiatry, Lisbon Portugal.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Abs Book: 158
35. Pagani, M., Nardo, D., Flumeri, F., Salmaso, D., Looi, J., Sanchez-Crespo, A., Larsson, S.A., Sundin, Ö., Hogberg, G., & Bejerot, S. (2009, January). P03-58 volumetric changes in PTSD and in a subgroup of PTSD patients not responding to EMDR psychotherapy.. European Psychiatry, 24(Supplement 1), S1057-S1057.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: Background Several studies have reported limbic structures volume decrease in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). However, in PTSD the effect of therapy on brain structures has seldom been investigated. The aim of the study was to evaluate the grey matter (GM) loss in occupational related PTSD and to assess the volumetric differences between patients responding (R) and non-responding (NR) to psychotherapy. Methods Pre-EMDR MRI data of 21 train drives who did develop PTSD (S) and 22 who did not develop PTSD (NS) after person-under-the-train accidents were compared. Within S further comparisons were made between 10 R to Eye Movement Desensitisation Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy and 5 NR. Data were analysed by optimised voxel-based morphometry as implemented in Statistical Parametric Mapping. Results As compared to NS, S showed a significant GM volume reduction in precuneus, lingual gyrus, posterior cingulate and parahippocampal cortex. The R>NR comparison highlighted a significant GM reduction in NR in bilateral posterior cingulate, left middle frontal cortex and right parahippocampal, insular and temporal cortices. Conclusions Comparing two large groups of subjects significant GM volumetric reductions were found in PTSD in posterior limbic structures. NR showed, as compared to R, volume reduction in cortical structures including posterior cingulate and parahippocampal cortex. These latter two structures seem to be the hallmark for both PTSD diagnosis and therapy outcome prediction.
36. Pagani, M., Nardo, D., Flumeri, F., Salmaso. D., Looi, J., Sanchez-Crespo, A., Larsson, S. A., Sundin, Ö., Högberg, G., Bejerot, S. (2009, January). PW04-01 Volumetric changes in PTSD and in a subgroup of PTSD patients not responding to EMDR psychotherapy. European Psychiatry, 24(Supplement 1), S355.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: (1)Background: Several studies have reported limbic structures volume decrease in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). However, in PTSD the effect of therapy on brain structures has seldom been investigated. The aim of the study was to evaluate the grey matter (GM) loss in occupational related PTSD and to assess the volumetric differences between patients responding (R) and non-responding (NR) to psychotherapy. (2)Methods: Pre-EMDR MRI data of 21 train drives who did develop PTSD (S) and 22 who did not develop PTSD (NS) after person-under-the-train accidents were compared. Within S further comparisons were made between 10 R to Eye Movement Desensitisation Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy and 5 NR. Data were analysed by optimised voxel-based morphometry as implemented in Statistical Parametric Mapping. (3)Results: As compared to NS, S showed a significant GM volume reduction in precuneus, lingual gyrus, posterior cingulate and parahippocampal cortex. The R>NR comparison highlighted a significant GM reduction in NR in bilateral posterior cingulate, left middle frontal cortex and right parahippocampal, insular and temporal cortices. (4)Conclusions: Comparing two large groups of subjects significant GM volumetric reductions were found in PTSD in posterior limbic structures. NR showed, as compared to R, volume reduction in cortical structures including posterior cingulate and parahippocampal cortex. These latter two structures seem to be the hallmark for both PTSD diagnosis and therapy outcome prediction.
Keywords: PSTD
37. Plassmann, R., & Mergentheim, M. (2003, May). EMDR - Group therapy with patients having eating disorders. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Rome, Italy.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: We understand a therapeutic group, here the EMDR-group, analog to the opinion of Watzlawick et al., Koffka and Grinberg as a multiplicity that is more than only the sum of the individuals. An individual is a part of a group, who expresses himself in the collective „we". Even if the individual expresses himself at first individually, the remarks turn into collective-appearances with basic-convictions–and assumptions. This group-structure, labeled by the authors as a dynamic collective-constellation, is based on unconscious processes projecting and introjecting identification. The group-member takes in those feelings and impulses of the others that are similar to the own emotions, and perceives them due to the experienced reinforcement more severely. Simultaneously the individual projects his objects of the unconscious imagination on the others and tries to reproduce the specific pattern of his difficult interpersonal relationships.
Keywords: Symposium: Eating Disorders Binge Eating
38. Rogers, S., Silver, S. M., Goss, J., Obenchain, J., Willis, A., & Whitney, R. L. (1999, January-April). A single session, group study of exposure and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in treating posttraumatic stress disorder among Vietnam War veterans: Preliminary data. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 13(1-2), 119-130.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: This report summarizes data gathered thus far from an ongoing study. Two groups (total N = 12) of Vietnam War veterans diagnosed with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) received a single session of exposure or Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) focusing on the veterans’ most distressing war experience. Group assignment was random, treatment providers were blind to assessment data, and the pre- and posttreatment assessor was blind to treatment assignment. Both groups showed improvement on the Impact of Event Scale. EMDR treatment resulted in greater positive changes in within-session Subjective Units of Discomfort levels and on self-monitored severity of intrusive recollection. A trend toward decreased heart rate reactivity was observed in both groups. Results must be considered carefully due to the small number of subjects used in the study (Pilots).
Keywords: Americans Exposure Therapy Middle Aged PTSD Randomized Clinical Trial Treatment Effectiveness Veterans Vietnam War Empirical Study Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial
39. Samec, J. R. (2001, December). The use of EMDR safe place exercise in group therapy with traumatized adolescent refugees. EMDRIA Newsletter, 6(Special Edition), 32-34.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract: During the last three years, I have included the EMDR induced safe place installation and exercise (Shapiro, 1995) in group therapy work with four groups of refugee adolescents.
Keywords: Safe Place Adolescents Refugees Group Therapy Trauma
40. Samec, J. R., & Ekström, B.-M. M. (2006, April). Korttids gruppterapi anpassad att möta utvecklingsspecifika behov hos traumatiserade flyktingungdomar - [Short term group therapy for traumatized refugee children]. Nordisk Tidsskrift for Psykoterapi, 23(1), 73-88.
Language: Dutch
Format: Journal
Abstract: Traumatized refugee and immigrant adolescents have specific developmental needs. To meet those developmental needs in treatment, methods to modify the short term group therapy for traumatized refugee children as described by Angel-Poblete (1995) are presented. The methods are exercises that stimulate the five senses, interventions to deal with acting out, and a relaxation exercise developed from Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) - all of which are practiced within the framework of close cooperation with parents and school personnel. This presentation is based on the work with thirteen groups of participants (N = 98) of both sexes and from different countries, 16-20 years old (median age of 17 years old). The theoretical basis, planning, execution, and results are described. Evaluations with the participants and school personnel, as well as the reactions of the parents, indicate positive therapeutic results. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Adolescent Development Group Psychotherapy Immigration Refugees Trauma Childhood Development Empirical Study Quantitative Study
41. Schnurr, P. P. (1999, Winter). Control groups in psychotherapy research. PTSD Research Quarterly, 10(1), 1, 8.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Keywords: Methodology Psychotherapy Treatment Effectiveness
42. Shapiro, F. (2007, November). EMDR clinical parameters and research findings: “What’s new and useful”. Master clinician series at the 23rd annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress, Baltimore MD.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Numerous controlled studies have indicated that EMDR´s effects on PTSD symptoms are comparable to those of trauma-focused CBT. However, EMDR does not require homework, sustained arousal, detailed verbalization of the index trauma, or prolonged exposure to the event. In this invited presentation, videotapes of an incest survivor and a disaster victim will demonstrate the EMDR treatment, and the de-arousal effects of the eye movements, which have been documented in numerous controlled laboratory studies. In addition, the clinical procedures of an EMDR group-protocol used subsequent to disasters and terrorist attacks will be illustrated. The presentation will review research findings, with long-term follow up, indicating that the resolution of etiological events can result in the successful treatment of conditions that have often been considered intractable. A recent study will be used to explore the clinical parameters of the EMDR treatment of child molesters, which has resulted in the sustained reduction of deviant arousal. Likewise, representative case examples from studies documenting the elimination/ reduction of phantom limb pain subsequent to EMDR processing will be presented to explore both the clinical and theoretical implications.
Keywords: De-arousal Effects of Eye Movement Group Protocol Master Series
43. Snyker, E. (1997, July). Formation of EMDR networks and study groups. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Francisco, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Keywords: EMDR Networks EMDR Study Groups
44. Solomon, S. D. (1997, Winter). Psychosocial treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder. In Session: Psychotherapy in Practice, 3(4), 27-41.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: A review of the psychosocial treatment research literature indicates that several forms of therapy appear to be useful in reducing the symptoms of PTSD. Strongest support is found for the treatments that combine cognitive and behavioral techniques. Hypnosis, psychodynamic, anxiety management, and group therapies may also produce short-term symptom reduction. Still unknown is whether any approach produces lasting effects. Imaginal exposure to trauma memories and hypnosis are techniques most likely to affect the intrusive symptoms of PTSD, whereas cognitive and psychodynamic approaches may better address the numbing and avoidance symptoms cluster. Treatment should be tailored to the severity and type of presenting PTSD symptoms, to the type of trauma experience, and to the many likely comorbid diagnoses and adjustment problems. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Adults Cognitive Therapy Drug Therapy Group Psychotherapy Hypnotherapy Exposure Therapy Prevention Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy PTSD Stressors Survivors
45. Tarquino, C., Fayard, A., & Tarquino, P. M. (2008, June). Psychological consequences of Family Violence Act in a small group of women victims and EMDR therapy: Preliminary results. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Objective: The present study would expose first results of a study about the consequences of family violence act in a small group of women victims treated by EMDR therapy. Subjects: All of the victims underwent EMDR therapy for seven 90-minute sessions. The subjects were included in the therapeutic project for 12 months and were followed for 6 month after the end of the therapy. Procedure: The victims (n=9) were referred by different associations of victims to consult with two of the authors who took charge of all of the treatments. We have constructed a control group (n=9) with the same characteristics (age, study level,...). After the first consultation a proposal was made to the subjects to be part of a research protocol. The subjects then had to answer questions from Horowitz’s Revised Impact Event Scale (Horowitz & al., 1979) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory –STAI- (Spielberger & al. 1983). In the framework of therapeutic protocol, the subjects had to do a SUDS evaluation. These different measures were administered to all of the subjects before beginning the therapy (T1), after the seven sessions of EMDR (T2), and six months later (T3). Main results: Because of the small size of the sample and a non-normal distribution, the data were processed with nonparametric tests. We show differences between victims and non victims in the beginning of therapy. The victims have higher scores in the IES-R and STAI than the control subjects. Difference continues for the all duration of the experimentation, but the assessments after seven sessions and after six months show fewer differences. It’s important to note that the differences between the pre-test, the postest and the evaluation after six months are shown to be equally very significant, indicating a very positive effect with EMDR on the reduction of intrusive symptoms and avoidance.
Keywords: Family Violence Act
46. Tarrier, N., Liversidge, T., & Gregg, L. (2006, November). The acceptability and preference for the psychological treatment for PTSD. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44(11), 1643-1656.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: The acceptability and preference of psychological treatments is important in understanding patient treatment seeking, choice, engagement and attrition and possibly treatment response in health care. The acceptability of, and preference for, 14 different types of psychological treatment for PTSD were investigated in a student population through invitation to participate in a web-based survey. Respondents were asked to rate each treatment on 10 scales and to rank the treatments in order of preference. Respondents were also asked whether they would seek treatment themselves, recommend treatment to friends and family, feel stigmatised by suffering from PTSD, had any prior knowledge of the treatments and if this had been positive or negative, and whether they had a history of psychological problems or treatment. A total of 330 respondents completed the survey. A past or current history of psychological problems and treatment was surprisingly high. Almost all respondents indicated that they would seek or recommend treatment in spite of high levels of stigmatisation. Factor analysis of the 10 scales indicated two factors: Endorsement and Discomfort. Rank ordering on preference and Endorsement scores was highly consistent. The highly preferred and endorsed treatments involved cognitive therapy, exposure, or psycho-education in spite of high levels of discomfort anticipated with exposure. Treatments involving new technologies, EMDR, and psychodynamic psychotherapy received the lowest Endorsement and preference. There was a modest influence of prior knowledge of a treatment. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: PTSD Cognitive Therapy Exposure Therapy Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy Computer Assisted Psychotherapy Virtual Reality Exposure Group Psychotherapy Family Therapy Relaxation Therapy College Students Psychotherapeutic Processes Treatment Acceptability Preference Psychological Treatment Cognitive-Behaviour Therapy Web-Based Survey Empirical Study Quantitative Study
47. Taylor, R. J. (2004). Therapeutic intervention of trauma and stress brought on by divorce. Journal of Divorce and Remarriage, 41(1-2),129-135.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: The trials and tribulations of experiencing a divorce are not easy for anyone who has seen it firsthand. Regardless of how the divorce occurs, it is important to note that there are hurt parties in need of healing. This article suggests a model based on EMDR, hypnosis, and NLP that may be combined with the efforts of mediation, divorce education, and support and counseling groups to reduce the pain and anguish being experienced. It is only when the parent(s) are free from the trauma associated from divorce that they may serve as a positive influence on their children.
Keywords: Therapeutic Intervention Trauma Stress Divorce Hypnosis Neuro-linguistic Programming Mediation Divorce Education Support & Counseling Groups Distress Emotional Trauma Intervention Treatment Group Counseling Group Psychotherapy Neurolinguistic Programming Psychoeducation Support Groups
48. ten Broeke, E., & de Jongh, A. (2008). Praktijkboek EMDR: Casusconceptualisatie en specifieke patiëntengroepen - [EMDR Practice Book: Casusconceptualisatie and specific patient groups]. Harcourt Publishers: Amsterdam.
Language: Dutch
Format: Book
Abstract: Casusconceptualisatie en specifieke patiëntengroepen Een aantal jaren geleden verscheen het Handboek EMDR: een geprotocolleerde behandelmethode voor de gevolgen van psychotrauma. Hierin wordt gedetailleerd en stapsgewijs beschreven hoe het basisprotocol van Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, ofwel EMDR, in de praktijk moet worden uitgevoerd. Het Handboek EMDR is dan ook het leerboek bij de EMDR basistrainingen die door de Vereniging EMDR Nederland worden erkend. Wat in het handboek ontbreekt is informatie over de behandeling van lastige problematiek en ernstig beschadigde patiënten. Het Praktijkboek EMDR voorziet in deze lacune. Het is daarmee het boek waarmee de vele toepassingsmogelijkheden van deze methode op heldere wijze worden beschreven. Een aantal experts is gevraagd hun ervaringen met EMDR bij een specifieke doelgroep of stoornis (onder anderen kinderen, patiënten met eetstoornissen, complexe traumagerelateerde stoornissen of ernstige persoonlijkheidspathologie) te beschrijven. De nadruk ligt daarbij op de praktijk. Om deze bijdragen van een kader te voorzien wordt allereerst uitgebreid stilgestaan bij de voor EMDR kenmerkende wijze van conceptualiseren van klachten, het identificeren van de juiste targets en de daaruit voortvloeiende behandeling. Daaropvolgend wordt uitgelegd op welke wijze specifieke en specialistische interventies (bijvoorbeeld Resource Development and Installation (RDI) en Cognitive interweaves) kunnen worden ingezet. Dit wordt geïllustreerd aan de hand van heldere protocollen, opmerkelijke casuïstiek en verduidelijkende stukjes dialoog. Het boek is daarmee een must voor iedere behandelaar in de GGZ die de volledige reikwijdte van EMDR wil leren gebruiken.
49. Toon, K. (2008, October 17). EMDR therapy in groups. Paper presented at the First EMDR Autumn Workshop, York Stress & Trauma Centre, EMDR Europe, York, England.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: This workshop will describe how 2 therapy groups in an NHS setting were run using EMDR to process severe traumas simultaneously in a group setting. The results (amazing!) and process will be discussed. Of interest to ALL LEVELS but only experienced practitioners would be able to run similar groups.
Keywords: Groups
50. Toon, K., & Horsefield, C. (2007, March). Using EMDR in a therapy group to simultaneously process the traumas of group members: Preliminary findings. Symposium at the 5th annual Conference of the EMDR UK & Ireland Association, Glasgow, Scotland.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Symposium 7
Keywords: Group Members Groups
51. van der Weele, J. (2007, June). Stabilization groups with ethnic minority women after domestic violence: Presentation of a model based on structural theory of dissociation, EMDR, intercultural comunication and expressive artwork. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Paris, France.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Alternative to violence has developed a group treatment model structured by the theory of structural dissociation and EMDR trauma treatment theory. Woman with ethnic minority background received short terms group treatment at a shelter for victims of domestic violence at an outpatient clinic and at a domestic violence family treatment center. The groups were supplements to individual therapy/counseling. We have had 10 groups; one with only Pakistani women, several mixed ethnic minority cultural groups with translation and groups in “simple Norwegian.” Recruitment was enhanced by the policy of sharing of symptoms and problems today with no obligation to share about personal past. The model has low drop out rate and therapist working with the individuals report more effective treatment sessions. For some women the group becomes the preferred choice of treatment. We discovered that early phase trauma work can be done in a group format with severely and recently traumatized women. Methods used are resource installation and safe place work, increase awareness f negative/positive cognitions, butterfly hug, nightmare protocol, expressive art therapy techniques as grounding, breathing techniques working with personal borders, working with imagination and playfulness. Structural therapy of dissociation concepts as ANP/EP structures and mental capacity, working from here and now, focusing on the ANP above EPs ware woven into how the therapists regulate the group process and plan content. The theory organizes how we handle flashbacks, current acute crisis and how we focus on the women’s’ personal trauma. We also teach about the effect of violence in relationships, the need to work on personal safety and the needs of children in the aftermath of violence. Theory from the filed of intercultural communication gave us guidelines in working with women from high context, indirect and collectivistic cultures. A workbook for the clients on violence, PTSD symptoms and stabilisation treatment has been developed in the aftermath of these groups and is translated into several languages. We will present the material at the conference in the structure of the early fase trauma treatment group format. Showing in vivo how we apply the theory to severely traumatized women. We will share some of our favorite group exercises, metaphors and group rituals. Our goal is: 1. to show how the theory of structural dissociation serves as guideline for organizing and resulting treatment with severely traumatized clients in groups. 2. Give insight into typical adjustments that have been made to tailor treatment to ethnic minority populations. 3. Explain how expressive art work needs to make adjustments to the population of severely traumatized women. 4. Finally show how the group uses elements from EMDR and enhances individual EMDR work. In our experience, the stabilisation groups have integrated the heart, mind and body in the work of healing with a population that is often found difficult to treat effectively. We hare started to retain other therapists in using the model and are in the process of applying for a research grant.
Keywords: Stabilization Stabilisation Ethnic Minority Women Domestic Violence Dissociation Artwork Intercultural Communication
52. Viola, J., & McCarthy, D. (1994, March). An eclectic inpatient treatment model for Vietnam and Desert Storm veterans suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder. Military Medicine, 159(3), 217-220.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: This paper describes the therapeutic components of an eclectic, intensive inpatient treatment strategy for Vietnam and Desert Storm veterans with PTSD. A specific treatment model was devised by this author. The procedure was a collaborative effort: the staff and the patients participated in this preparatory phase treatment program at the Tripler Post-traumatic Stress Unit, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii. The basic treatment is based on group therapy, utilizing educational, cognitive-behavioral therapy, gestalt therapy, and individualized psychotherapy, and eye movement desensitization strategies. The timing and sequencing of these treatments are a critical part of the model, and we have come to refer to it as the layered model because the treatments are layered, much like the delicious parfait dessert. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Adults Americans Cognitive Therapy Gestalt Therapy Group Psychotherapy Gulf War Veterans Vietnam War
53. Willis, S. M., & Kraber, G. (2001, December). The effects of exposure-based therapy on attitudes aobut guilt in Vietname combat veterans. Poster presented at the 17th annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, New Orleans, LA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: There has long been consistent agreement that guilt has both cognitive and affective dimensions. Cognitive components of guilt can be seen in the errors of logic and resulting faulty conclusions that trauma victims often make about their roles in traumatic events. The present investigation will present outcome data on the Changing Attitudes About Guilt in a group of Vietnam Combat Veterans who were treated in a 20-week program that included a combination of Cognitive Processing group therapy and individual Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR). The ten veterans participated in a structured, time-limited trauma group in which they addressed issues peripheral to combat exposure in 20 weekly 90-minute group sessions. Each individual group member also underwent a minimum of theree individual EMDR sessions to process traumatic combat experiences. The Kubany Attitudes About Guilt Inventory was administered at the beginning of the group prior to EMDR sessions and again at the final session of group. Post-group follow up data is also included in this presentation.
Keywords: Combat, Vietnam Group Therapy Veterans Poster
54. Wilson, S., Tinker, R., Hofmann, A., Becker, L. A., & Kleiner, K. (2000, September). A field study of EMDR with Kosovar-Albanian refugee children using a group treatment protocol. Paper presented at the annual meeting on the EMDR International Association, Toronto, Ontario Canada.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Participants will be able to: 1) describe the modified group EMDR treatment protocol; 2) describe the research design; and 3) describe the results of this research.
Keywords: Kosovar-Albanian Refugees Children Group Treatment Protocol
55. Wilson, S., Tinker, R., Hofmann, A., Becker, L., & Marhsall, S. (2000, November). A field study of EMDR with Kosovar-Albanian refugee children using a group treatment protocol. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Society for the Study of Traumatic Stress, San Antonio, TX.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Keywords: Kosovar-Albanian Refugees Children Group Treatment Protocol
56. Withers, D. (1999, June). Bilateral movement therapy. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Las Vegas, NV.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Participants will: 1) learn to implement Bilateral Movement Therapy, an innovation of EMDR, into a Group Therapy Model, establishing group safety, cohesion and culture; 2) learn to incorporate Dance Movement Therapy techniques and theory into the standard EMDR protocol using the whole body rather than just eye movements; and 3) explore the use of Bilateral Movement Therapy with a variety of treatment issues and populations and how to assess its appropriateness for each.
Keywords: Dance Movement Therapy Bilateral Movement Therapy Group Therapy Model
57. Withers, D. (2001, June). EMDR bilateral movement groups for children with ADHD. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Austin, TX.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: This workshop will teach experientially how to run therapy groups for children. Specifically, it will teach Resource Installation through Dance/Movement Therapy techniques utilizing EMDR protocol, how to deal with disruptive behaviors by empowering children to come up with their own coping strategies for themselves and each other; and how to identify, locate, and regulate feelings in their bodies.
Keywords: Resource Installation Dance/Movement Therapy: Bilateral Children Groups
58. Withers, D. (2000, December). EMDR bilateral movement groups for children with ADHD. EMDRIA Newsletter, 5(Special Edition), 11-13.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract: Using EMDR to treat children diagnosed with ADHD is challenging on many levels. Differentiating the effects of trauma versus pure ADHD or other diagnoses such as OCD, learning disabilities, and even autism is difficult at best because these symptoms could be present as the result of early trauma (Tinker, 1999). These experiences include birth trauma, illness, medical procedures and surgery as well as abuse or neglect (Becker, 2000). These children may be unintentionally further traumatized on a daily basis by parents, teachers, coaches and peers for missing social cues, being impulsive and disruptive and no paying attention or cooperating. They may not easily engage in therapy and tend to avoid new situations due to past failures and harbor negative views of themselves because of their belief that they somehow need to be “fixed.” These response could also be due to attachment disorders or to a “poor match” between temperament of parent and child (Bowlby, 1973).
59. Withers, D. (2001). EMDR therapy in the group setting. The Children’s Group Association Newsletter.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract: I had been doing EMDR with children for a number of years for trauma and resultant anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, nightmares, hair pulling and a variety of symptoms, with excellent results. EMDR, or Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, is a powerful tool that seems to have a direct on the way the brain functions, reducing the disturbance of traumatic events and allowing the client to see them in a new and less distressing way. Researchers worldwide publishing in prestigious journals have shown its efficacy. Having a background in dance and movement therapy, I had previously developed an innovation, EMDR Bilateral Movement Therapy groups, for women with body image issues who are in 3rd stage trauma recovery. (Presented at the 1999 EMDRIA Conference). It was during a conversation with an EMDR trained child psychiatrist about these groups that I realized what a natural application they would have with ADHD children.
60. Withers, D. (2000). EMDR group therapy for children with ADHD, EMDR therapy in the group setting. The Children’s Group Association Newsletter, 21(1), 4 ?.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract: For kids with ADHD, movement is medicine. They often are asked to sit still and pay attention when their natural impulse is to move. What if they were validated and encouraged to trust this instinct and to use it creatively? [Author]
61. Zaghout-Hodali, M., Alissa, F., & Dodgson, P. (2008). Building resilience and dismantling fear: EMDR group protocol with children in an area of ongoing trauma. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 2(2), 106-113.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: A number of studies indicate that EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) may be efficacious in treatment of children and young people with symptoms of posttraumatic stress. However, reports are limited in the use of the EMDR psychotherapy approach in situations of ongoing violence and trauma. This case study describes work with 7 children in an area of ongoing violence who were subject to repeat traumas during the course of an EMDR psychotherapy intervention, using a group protocol. Results indicate that the EMDR approach can be effective in a group setting, and in an acute situation, both in reducing symptoms of posttraumatic and peritraumatic stress and in "inoculation" or building resilience in a setting of ongoing conflict and trauma. Given the need for such applications, further research is recommended regarding EMDR's ability to increase personal resources in such settings. [Author Abstract]
Keywords: Conflict Trauma Treatment Resilience Group Therapy Group Psychotherapy Multiple Traumatic Events Survivors School Age Children Cognitive Processes Palestinians Intifada Psychotherapeutic Processes Acute Stress Disorder