Francine Shapiro Library: EMDR Bibliography
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1. (2009). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. In E. B. Foa, T. M. Keane, Friedman, M. J., J. A. Cohen (Ed.), Effective treatments for PTSD: Practice guidelines from the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, second edition (pp. 573-576). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Language: English
Format: Book
Keywords: Treatment Guidelines
2. Калмыкова, E. C., Миско, E. A., & Тарабрина, H. B. [Kalmykova, E. S., Misko, E. A., & Tarabrina, N. V.] (2001, July-August). Особенности психотерапии посттравматического стресса [The peculiarities of post-traumatic stress psychotherapy]. Психологический журнал [Psikhologicheskii Zhurnal/Psychological Magazine], 22(4), 70-80.
Language: Russian
Format: Journal
Abstract: The problems of epidemiology, diagnostics and psychotherapy of PTSD are discussed. The review of main approaches to the treatment of such disorders is presented. There are analyzed the preconditions of successful psychotherapeutic interaction and difficulties in the work with patient which are specific to this psychological disorder. [Author Abstract]*
Keywords: PTSD Cognitive Therapy Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy
3. フランシーヌ・シャピロ著 ; 市井雅哉監訳. 市井雅哉 - [ Shapiro, F. (Ed. Translated by Ichii, M.)] (2004). EMDR: 外傷記憶を処理する心理療法 / Īemudīāru: Gaishō kioku o shorisuru shinri ryōhō - [Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing: Basic Principles, Protocols, and Procedures]. 瓶社, Ōsaka: Niheisha.
Language: Japanese
Format: Book
Abstract: *
4. フランシーン・シャピロ,マーゴット・シルク・フォ- [Shapiro, F., & Forrest, M. S.(Ed. Translated by Ichii, M.)] (2006). トラウマからの解放 EMDR / Torauma karano kaihō īemudīāru - [EMDR: The Breakthrough Therapy for Overcoming Anxiety, Stress and Trauma]. 瓶社, Ōsaka: Niheisha.
Language: Japanese
Format: Book
Abstract: *
5. マギー・フィリップス著 ; 田中究監訳 ; 浅田仁子,穂積由利 - [Phillips, M. (Translated by Tanaka, K., Asada, K., & Hozumi, Y. (2002). 最新心理療法: EMDR・催眠・イメージ法・TFTの臨床例 Saishin shinri ryōhō: Īemudīāru saimin imējihō tīefutī no rinshōrei - [Finding the energy to heal: How EMDR, hypnosis, TFT, imagery, and body-focused therapy can help resolve health problems]. 春秋社 Tōkyō: Shunjūsha.
Language: Japanese
Format: Book
Abstract: *
6. 崎尾英子編 崎尾, 英子- [Sakio, E.] (2003). EMDR症例集 / 崎尾英子編 - lemudiaru shoreishu - [EMDR Case Reports]. 星和書店 Tokyo: Seiwashoten.
Language: Japanese
Format: Book
7. 張素凰*、Chang, S-H., & 李元華 Lee, Y-W. (2008). 眼動在眼動減敏訊息再處理法中的療效機制探討：干擾自然眼動對回憶的影響。- [Eye movement in eye movement desensitization and then the message processing method in the mechanism of treatment effect: interference with the natural eye movement on the impact of memories.]. (準備投稿中）([Received in preparation)].
Language: Chinese
Format: Journal
Abstract: *
8. 陳致豪 (2004). 眼動減敏訊息再處理法中「眼動」與「正向認知」成分對於懼蟑症之療效. National Taiwan University Graduate Institute of Psychology. --.
Language: Chinese
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract: 眼動減敏訊息再處理法（Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing; EMDR）是Shapiro（1989a, 1989b）所發展的一套治療方法，最早被用來治療創傷後壓力疾患（post traumatic stress disorder; PTSD，後來也被認為對其他心理疾患具有療效。雖然Shapiro認為眼動程序可以加速訊息處理並降低個案的焦慮與困擾，不同治療變項的療效仍待由控制性研究法進一步釐清。本研究以部分減除（dismantling）的方式，運用實驗法來探討「眼動」與「正向認知」對懼蟑症治療效果的影響。藉2（有眼動、無眼動）× 2（正向認知、減敏延長）受試者間設計，探討單一治療次對懼蟑症者的治療效果。受試者為自大樣本篩選出的40名懼怕蟑螂的大學女生。研究結果顯示治療程序的主要效果顯著，四組的療效相當。在治療階段中，受試者主觀害怕程度、對負向認知之相信程度皆呈顯著的線性下降；對正向認知之相信程度則僅眼動組呈顯著線性上升。雖然生理指標（心跳速率）在前測時顯著較基線時高，而在後測時回復至接近基線水準，但就微觀歷程分析，治療階段中各組之心跳速率變化為，在第一階段內逐漸上升，階段間休息時心跳速率略為降低，在第二階段開始又逐漸上升。本研究結果亦顯示，就微觀的治療歷程（micro process）而言，在正向認知的治療情境中，僅眼動組的受試者對正向認知之相信程度逐漸提高。在治療效果上，雖曝露法（exposure）本身便具有療效；但眼動能夠進一步促進受試者第二階段中正向認知的相信程度（可能藉由促進訊息處理）。就巨觀的療效指標而言，雖然單一治療次在各組皆有顯著的療效，但是正向認知對療效的影響無組別差異，該療效指標可能需要較多的治療次始能反映出來。本研究亦就研究結果所顯示的意義與未來的研究方向提出討論 *
Keywords: Cockroach Phobia Psychotherapy Phobia Eye Movement Positive Cognition
9. 齋藤 康子 齋藤 巖 - [Saito, Y., & Saito, I.] (1997). 戦闘活動による心的外傷後ストレス障害に対する眼球運動性脱感作と再構成法 (EMDR) - [Use of EMDR with Combat PTSD]. バイオフィードバック研究 - [Japanese Journal of Biofeedback Research, (24), 50-64].
Language: Japanese
Format: Journal
10. AACAP Official Action. (1998, September). Summary of the practice parameters for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 37(9), 997-1001.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: This summary provides an overview of the assessment and treatment recommendations contained in the Practice Parameters for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Major recommendations include the use of clinical interviewing with specific questioning about posttraumatic stress symptoms to diagnose this disorder; recognition of developmental considerations that may impact on how posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms manifest in children; and the use of trauma-focused treatment interventions. Limitations and controversies regarding the present state of knowledge in the area of childhood posttraumatic stress disorder are also discussed.*
Keywords: Practice Guidelines PTSD Children Adolescents
11. Abbasnejad, M., Mahani, K. N., & Zamyad, A. (2007, Winter). Efficacy of 'eye movement desensitization and reprocessing' in reducing anxiety and unpleasant feelings due to earthquake experience. Psychological Research, 9(3-4), 104-117.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: “EMDR is effective in reducing earthquake anxiety and negative emotions (e.g. PTSD, grief, fear, intrusive thoughts, depression, etc) resulting from earthquake experience. Furthermore, results show that, improvement due to EMDR was maintained at a one month follow up.”
Keywords: Anxiety Unpleasant Feelings Earthquake Experience Eye Movements Natural Disasters Empirical Study Followup Study Quantitative Study Anxiety
12. Abbott, G. (2005, September). Four methods of target identification and ordering for EMDR. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: *
Keywords: Targeting
13. Abbott,G., & Tefft, M. (2009, April 18). Somatic processing in EMDR: Lessons from Eastern Psychology. Paper presented at the Western Massachusetts EMDRIA Conference "EMDR and the Body," Amherst, MA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Keywords: Somatic Processing
14. Abruzzese, M. (1993). Children: Tourette’s disorder. Paper presented at the EMDR Conference, Sunnyvale, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract:
Keywords: Tourette's Disorder Children
15. Abruzzese, M. (1995, June). Use of EMDR with disruptive behavior disorders. Paper presented at the EMDR Conference, Santa Monica, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Disruptive behavior disorders such as Conduct Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Tourette's Disorder, Intermittent Explosive Disorder and, to a lesser extent, some children with Bipolar Disorder, are among the most diflicult conditions for clinicians to treat. The difliculty is two-fold: Clinicians must b d the balance between developing a rapport and working with the disruptive child while also addressing the concerns of the parents who may be beyond their level of tolerance and looking for prompt improvement and frequently the child's very diagnostic condition - disruptiveness - may prevent the child from willingIy participating in the treatment, despite the good rapport that the child and clinician may have. EMDR is, a technique which has shown great promise in helping children who are 'stuck' break through their own stubbornness and disruption to help them achieve a sense of self-control, insight and self4dence. It also provides parents with reason to hope that a prompt improvement maybe possible. The essential aspect of successful utilization of EMDR with disruptive disorders resides in the creativity of the clinician and the modfication of the standard EMDR protocol. Using EMDR with children, especially with young children, requires a nonstandard administration only loosely based on the standard protocol. Children often won't - or can't - verbalize cognition's or adequately employ SUDS scales reliably. Disruptive children may have access to their cognitions, but may decline to cooperate with clinicians. The key in using EMDR with Children - as with many other techniques employed in treating children - is to make -the technique challenging or fun or maybe a bit mysterious, depending upon the presentation of the child and his or her ability to take some responsibility for the treatment process. The key with disruptive children is knowing how to combine EMDR usage with engagement of the difficult child. This workshop explores the use of such nonstandard EMDR administrations as auditory cueing and hand tapping and will review how EMDR has been used to engage very difficult children. The presentation will include both successful and unsuccessful treatment outcome, focusing on the identification of hidden handicaps which could prevent engagement of e diflicult child and techniques on how to overcome those handicaps to help the child to help him or herself.*
Keywords: Disruptive Behavior Disorder Children
16. Abruzzese, M. (1996). Using EMDR to help children. Paper presented at a Level II EMDR Training, EMDR Institute, Inc., Pacific Grove, CA.
Language: English
Format: Workshop
Keywords: Children Level II Specialty Training
17. Abruzzese, M. (1994, March). Children: Tourette’s disorder. Paper presented at the EMDR Conference, San Jose, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: *
Keywords: Tourette's Disorder Children
18. Abruzzese, M., Goodwin, A., Greenwald, E., Lovett, J., Tinker R., & York, C. (1996, June). The future of EMDR for children and adolescents. Paper presented at the annual meeting of EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: *
Keywords: Children Adolescents
19. Accaria, P. L. (2003, October). Book Review: Energy psychology and EMDR: Combining forces to optimize treatment, by John G. Hartung; Michael D. Galvin, 1st ed. New York: W.W. Norton. American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 46(2), [2 pages].
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: As a clinician, have you ever wondered if there was a more efficient and effective means of treating your clients/patients? If so, I recommend without reservation this book by John G. Hartung, Psy.D., and Michael D. Galvin, Ph.D. This work is a winner in many respects. Galvin and Hartung, who have studied and practiced many psychotherapeutic methods, have come to depend primarily on energy psychology and EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) as their preferred methods of intervention. It is their contention that "... these methods excel-especially in combination-in helping clients achieve profound change and growth, usually quickly and with stable results" (p. xiii).*
Keywords: Energy Psychology Book Review
20. Accaria, P. L. (2009, March). The utilization of muscle testing as an ideomotor signal: How to bypass dissociation, ratify EMDR protocols and assess covert ego states. Paper presented at the 51st American Society of Clinical Hypnosis Annual Scientific Meeting, Boston, MA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Mind & Body Traditional Values, Integrative Solutions Conference
The Eve Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing procedure requires the development
of a protocol comprised of the patient’s inner experiences in the forms of images, emotions,
sensations, cognitions and Likert scale type ratings. Some individuals are dissociated from
their inner experiences to a degree which makes it diffi cult for them to soundly identify and
consciously report these inner experiences. Applied Kinesiology muscle testing responses,
which are conceptualized as ideomotor signals, are utilized to assess and ratify data used
in developing EMDR protocols. Muscle tests are also eff ective for deciphering covert ego
states and assessing their unique responses. Demonstrations and experiential practice in
dyads.
Upon completing this workshop, the participant should be able to:
1. Use muscle testing as an ideomotor signal;
2. Use muscle testing to develop and ratify EMDR protocols; and
3. Use muscle testing to assess and access covert ego states.*
Keywords: Muscle Testing Dissociation Ego States
21. Accornero, N., Kitchen, R., Leeds, A., & Lewis, V. (1992). Substance abuse. Paper presented at the EMDR Conference, San Jose, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Keywords: Substance Abuse
22. Acierno, R. E., & Cahill, S. P. (1999). Advances in conceptualization and research on the efficacy and mechanisms of EMDR. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 13, (1-2) 36, Special Edition.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: Special Edition.*
Keywords: Conceptualization Research
23. Acierno, R. E., & Cahill, S. P. (1999). EMDR: Commentary, data, and protocol specification. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 13(1-2), 1-3.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Keywords: Commentary Editorial
24. Acierno, R. E., Hersen, M., van Hesselt, V. B., Tremont, G., & Mueser, K. T. (1994). Review of the validation and dissemination of eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing: A scientific and ethical dilemma. Clinical Psychology Review, 14(4), 287-299.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: Eye-Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), a technique that combines imaginal exposure with eye movement, recently has been proposed by its originator, F. Shapiro, as a prescriptive treatment for trauma-related anxiety. To date, several uncontrolled case studies have found EMDR to be effective. However, none employed objective or standardized dependent measures of therapeutic improvement and all combined EMDR with other interventions. In contrast to results obtained from case studies, controlled experiments utilizing objective and standardized dependent measures have failed to support the efficacy of the technique beyond that of its imaginal exposure component. Unfortunately, these experiments employed small samples with a limited range of disorders, indicating the need for further evaluation. However, unbiased replication is impeded by Shapiro's practice of prohibiting individuals not associated with her EMDR Institute from training others in the technique. We articulate our concern that despite its lack of empirical validation clinical application of the technique by behavior therapists is rapidly increasing. [Author Abstract]*
Keywords: Commentary Literature Review Treatment Effectiveness
25. Acierno, R., Hersen, M., van Hasselt, V. B., Tremont, G., & Meuser, K. T. (1994). How valid is eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing?. Clinician's Research Digest, 12(11).
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract: Eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), which combines the use of imaginal exposure with eye movement, has been proposed by its originator, F. Shapiro, as a prescriptive treatment for trauma-related anxiety. The authors question Shapiro's practice of prohibiting individuals not associated with her EMDR Institute from training others in the technique. They argue that this practice impedes unbiased replication research, and they call for public dissemination and scientific scrutiny of EMDR methodology.
Keywords: Eye Movements Methodology Statistical Validity
26. Acierno, R., Tremont, G., Last, C., & Montgomery, D. (1994). Tripartite assessment of the efficacy of eye-movement desensitization in a multi-phobic patient. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 8(3), 259-276.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: The relative efficacy of Eye-Movement Desensitization (EMD) and Eye-Focus Desensitization (i.e., a treatment procedure designed to control for the effects of eye movement) in treating multiple phobias was assessed along behavioral, cognitive, and physiological response channels in a single-subject, multiple-baseline design across fear areas. Continuous physiological measurements, rather than presession/post- session change scores, were employed to permit accurate, fine-grained analysis of each intervention's effects. Results indicated that EMD failed to produce clinically significant intra- and intersession improvements beyond those produced by the control procedure on all dependent measures. A second multiple-baseline design across fear areas was implemented with the same subject and employed in vivo exposure/reinforced practice in order to demonstrate the patient's potential responsiveness to treatment. This procedure produced dramatic improvement on behavioral and subjective measures, but not on physiological indices. Results from this single-case experiment did not support the effectiveness of EMD. [ScienceDirect]
27. Adler, S. P., & Heber, R. (2002, June). Multimodal approach to trauma with cross-cultural context. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Diego, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: *
Keywords: Cross-Cultural Context
28. Adler-Nevo, G., & Manassis, K. (2005, September). Psychosocial treatment of pediatric posttraumatic stress disorder: The neglected field of single-incident trauma. Depression and Anxiety, 22(4), 177-189.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: Despite the prevalence of childhood trauma, studies regarding psychotherapy for children suffering from PTSD are scarce, especially regarding the treatment for pediatric PTSD following single-incident trauma. Treatment practices for this population rely mainly on the paradigms of therapy for adult PTSD and pediatric PTSD following sexual abuse. This review outlines the studies published in the last 10 years pertaining to the treatment of pediatric PTSD following single-incident trauma. This is done in the context of available literature on the paradigms mentioned above. Of 742 articles dealing with treatment of pediatric trauma, 10 were found relevant to the treatment of pediatric PTSD following single-incident trauma. The modalities of treatment most frequently reported in this context were cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), and play therapy. As a whole, CBT studies were methodologically more rigorous, used manualized, reproducible treatment, and were group, school-based therapies. EMDR treatments were usually short and individual. Most studies showed statistically significant improvement but were still methodologically lacking. We conclude that research on the subject of treatment for pediatric PTSD following single-incident trauma constitutes a neglected part of the study of pediatric PTSD. This stands in contrast to the obvious prevalence of this type of trauma. We encourage future research that will address issues such as clarifying the role of pharmacotherapy, comparing different modes of treatment, dismantling treatment "packages", researching developmentally sensitive treatments, conducting long-term follow-up, and comparing different PTSD populations. [Author Abstract]*
Keywords: Literature Review Case Studies Psychotherapy School Age Children Adolescents Pediatric PTSD Stressors Survivors Cognitive Therapy Play Therapy Treatment Effectiveness Review
29. Adler-Tapia, R. (2006, September). From research to practice: What the research has taught us about training therapists to use EMDR with young children. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Philadelphia, PA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Our initial research study explored the therapist's ability to demonstrate fidelity to the EMDR protocol with young children. While data collection focused on documenting fidelity to the EMDR protocol, ancillary data emerged that identified skills and training that therapists needed in order to successfully implement the full EMDR protocol in the treatment of children. The preliminary content analysis of the data from the research group identified six major thems that impact treating childrcn with the full EMDR protocol that include therapist issues, client issues, treatment issues, parent/home environment issues, clinical environment issues and therapist training issues. This presentation will review the findings from the research with focus on teaching specific skills for therapists to improve their practice of i uslng EMDR with young children. Therapists need to understand the implication of attachment and attunement in the therapeutic relationship, the impact of parents and the home environment on the treatment, and learn skills to teach children emotional literacy in order to improve the efficacy of EMDR in the treatment of young children. This presentation will summarize the advanced skills that therapists working with young children will need after Part 11 training in EMDR. With consultation focused on EMDR and additional training in using EMDR with young children, the research study has demonstrated that therapists trained in child development and play therapy can successfully implement the full eight phases of EMDR with children.
Keywords: Children
30. Adler-Tapia, R. (2009, January). EMDR and the treatment of childhood depression: Findings from a pilot study. Paper presented at the 23rd Annual San Diego International Conference on Child & Family Maltreatment.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: This article describes a study initially designed to assess the ability of therapists to adhere to the Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) protocol with children two to ten years of age. Child subjects in the study were administered pre and post test measures to assess for trauma, as well as, emotional and behavioral symptoms. Initial results indicate a reduction in depressive symptoms following the child subject’s participation in the EMDR research protocol. Even though the children in this study were identified victims of crime, the children did not demonstrate symptoms of post-traumatic stress based on standardized measures; however, the children did demonstrate symptoms consistent with depression. After participating in the research protocol, the children’s depressive symptoms were no longer exhibited at post-treatment assessment. This study is limited by the small number of children included in the study; however, the unanticipated treatment outcomes identified in this study suggest that future research needs to assess the efficacy of EMDR treatment for children displaying symptoms of childhood depression.
Keywords: Children Depression
31. Adler-Tapia, R. L. (2008). EMDR group treatment fidelity manual. Unknown.
Language: English
Format: Book
Keywords: Group Treatment Fidelity
32. Adler-Tapia, R. L., & Settle, C. S. (in press). EMDR and adaptive information processing theory: A comprehensive approach to child psychotherapy. Counselling Children and Young People.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Keywords: Children Child Psychotherapy Adaptive Information Processing AIP
33. Adler-Tapia, R. L., & Settle, C. S. (2009). EMDR assessment and desensitization phases with children: Step-by-step directions . In, M. Luber (Ed.) EMDR scripted protocols. New York, NY: Springer Publishing .
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Keywords: Children Assessment Phase Desensitization Phase
34. Adler-Tapia, R., & Settle, C. (2005, November). EMDR fidelity treatment manual: Children’s protocol. EMDR Humanitarian Assistance Programs.
Language: English
Format: Book
Abstract: This manual is based on EMDR theory created by Dr. Francine Shapiro and documented in Dr. Shapiro’s Books (1995, 2001), the fidelity manual created by Korn, D.L. & Spinazzola, J. (January, 2001), and the fidelity scales created by Korn, D.L., Zangwill, W., Lipke, H. & Smyth, N. (January, 2001). All resources are documented in the reference section of this manual. [EMDR-HAP]
Final version for pilot study, November 15, 2005
35. Adler-Tapia, R., & Settle, C. (2008, September). Advanced applicatons of EMDR in child psychotherapy. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Phoenix, AZ.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: This presentation is for therapists who have learned the basic EMDR protocol and are interested in expanding their skills in using EMDR in individual treatment with children. The presentation is focused on teaching therapists to use EMDR with specific childhood diagnoses or presenting problems, including children who are gifted and children who present with symptoms consistent with ADHD, dissociation, anxiety, attachment disorders, and sexual reactivity. Therapists will also learn how to use EMDR with regulatory issues in children including sleep issues and toilet training, as well as with behavioral issues, such as school phobias within AIP Theory.*
Keywords: Children
36. Adler-Tapia, R., & Settle, C. (2009, August). Attachment, dissociation, and case conceptualization: Decision points in EMDR with children. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Atlanta, GA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: This presentation will focus on illustrating decision points in EMDR in case conceptualization with children involving complex diagnoses. Videotapes will include sessions with young children diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), attachment traumas, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), dissociation and other diagnoses. This is an interactive workshop where participants are encouraged to bring questions about the protocol and challenging issues in practice. Areas to be discussed: how attachment affects the progression of EMDR, at what point does dissociation impact the protocol, and at what point does the therapist consider installing mastery, resource development, or the Inverse Protocol.
Keywords: Attachment Dissociation Case Conceptualization Children Inverse Protocol
37. Adler-Tapia, R., & Settle, C. (2008). EMDR and the art of psychotherapy with children. New York, NY: Springer Publishing. xxv, 408 pp.
Language: English
Format: Book
Abstract: In this book the authors present an overview of how therapists can get started in conceptualizing psychotherapy with Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) methodology through Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) theory. The focus of the book is to teach therapists to effectively use the entire EMDR protocol with young children (Springer).*
Keywords: Children
38. Adler-Tapia, R., & Settle, C. (2008). EMDR and the art of psychotherapy with children manual. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Co., 120 pp.
Language: English
Format: Book
Abstract: This manual is based on EMDR theory created by Dr. Francine Shapiro and documented in Dr. Shapiro's books (1995, 2001), and serves as an adjunct to EMDR and the Art of Psychotherapy with Children (Springer).*
Keywords: Children
39. Adler-Tapia, R., & Settle, C. (2009). Healing the origins of trauma: An introduction to EMDR in psychotherapy with children and adolescents. In A. Rubin & D. W. Springer (Ed.), Treatment of traumatized adults and children: Part of the clinician’s guide to evidence based practice series (pp. ). New York, NY: Wiley. 408 pages pp..
Language: English
Format: Book Section
40. Adler-Tapia, R., & Settle, C. (2005, September). Staying true to the model: Fidelity to the EMDR protocol with children. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Seattle, WA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: *
Keywords: Children
41. Adler-Tapia, R., & Settle,C. (2009, August). Attachment, dissociation, and case conceptualization: Decision points in EMDR with children. .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: This presentation will focus on illustrating decision points in EMDR in case conceptualization with children involving complex diagnoses. Videotapes will include sessions with young children diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), attachment traumas, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), dissociation and other diagnoses. This is an interactive workshop where participants are encouraged to bring questions about the protocol and challenging issues in practice. Areas to be discussed: how attachment affects the progression of EMDR, at what point does dissociation impact the protocol, and at what point does the therapist consider installing mastery, resource development, or the Inverse Protocol.
Keywords: Attachement Dissociation Case Conceptualization Children Inverse Protocol
42. Adler-Tapia, R., Settle, C., & Onsager, D. (2004, September). Staying true to the model: Using the 8 phases of EMDR with children 2-10 years of age. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Montreal, Quebec Canada.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: *
Keywords: Children
43. Adshead, G. (2000). Psychological therapies for post-traumatic stress disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry, 177(2), 144-148.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: Background After exposure to traumatic stressors, a subgroup of survivors (20-30%) will develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Aims: Since the incidence and prevalence rates for PTSD in the community are significant, it is important that general practitioners and psychiatrists be familiar with possible therapeutic options. In this review we shall look at the published evidence about the effectiveness of psychological treatments for PTSD. Method: The psychopathological mechanisms involved in PTSD are discussed. Studies of the effectiveness of different psychological therapies are reviewed. Results: The review suggests that persistent fear or shame reactions are key aspects of PTSD. Evidence from systematic reviews suggests that psychotherapeutic treatments are effective in the therapy of reactions based on fear, and may increase the effectiveness of pharmacological therapy. There is less systematic evidence for the efficacy of interventions for symptoms based on shame. Conclusions: Although a proportion of patients with complex or chronic PTSD may require specialist interventions, most patients can be treated effectively by a general psychiatric service which can offer both pharmacological and psychological interventions (BJPsych).
44. Adúriz, M. E., Bluthgen, C., & Knopfler, C. (2009, May). Helping child flood victims using group EMDR intervention in Argentina: Treatment outcome and gender differences. International Journal of Stress Management, 16(2), 138-153.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: A comprehensive group intervention with 124 children who experienced disaster-related trauma during a massive flood in Santa Fe, Argentina, in 2003 is illustrated, utilizing a one-session group eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) protocol. A posttreatment session was done 3 months after the treatment intervention to evaluate results. Results of this one-session treatment procedure, utilizing the EMDR-Integrative Group Treatment Protocol, showed statistically significant reduction of symptoms immediately after the intervention. These statistically significant differences were sustained at posttreatment evaluation 3 months later, as measured by psychometric scales, and by clinical and behavioral observation. Data analysis also revealed significant gender differences. Despite methodological limitations, this study supports the efficacy of EMDR group treatment in the amelioration and prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, providing an efficient, simple, and economic (in terms of time and resources) tool for disaster-related trauma. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Children Trauma Disaster Argentina Flood Victims
45. Aetna, Inc. (2005, June 28). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy, No. 0583 (Rev). Aetna Clinical Policy Bulletins.
Language: English
Format: Publication
Abstract: Policy Aetna considers eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy medically necessary for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Aetna considers EMDR experimental and investigational for the prevention of PTSD or for the treatment of other psychiatric and behavioral disorders including anger, guilt, phobias, dissociative disoders, eating disorders, as well as panic and anxiety disorders other than PTSD because its effectiveness for these indications has not been established.*
Keywords: Practice Guidelines
46. Aftergood, D. (2005, February). Letters: The value of EMDR. Clinical Psychiatry News, 33(2), 8.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: Value of EMDR It is always a pleasure to read about Dr. Robert T. London's approach to psychiatry, which combines not only medication and psychotherapy, but also philosophy and a broad array of psychotherapeutic techniques (“Strategies for Treating PTSD,” The Psychiatrist's Toolbox, December 2004, p. 20). [Elsevier]*
Keywords: Letter
47. Ahmad, A., & Sundelin-Wahlsten, V. (2008, April). Applying EMDR on children with PTSD. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 17(3), 122-132.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: Objective: To find out child-adjusted protocol for eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Methods: Child-adjusted modification were made in the original adult-based protocol, and within-session measurements, when EMDR was used in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) on thirty-three 6–16-year-old children with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Results: EMDR was applicable after certain modifications adjusted to the age and developmental level of the child. The average treatment effect size was largest on re-experiencing, and smallest on hyperarousal scale. The age of the child yielded no significant effects on the dependent variables in the study. Conclusions: A child-adjusted protocol for EMDR is suggested after being applied in a RCT for PTSD among traumatized and psychosocially exposed children (Springer).*
Keywords: Children Psychotherapy Case studies Child Psychiatry RCT Trauma PTSD Empirical Study Quantitative Study Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial
48. Ahmad, A., Larsson, B., & Sundelin-Wahlsten, V. (2007). EMDR treatment for children with PTSD: Results of a randomized controlled trial. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 61(5), 349-354.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: The objective of the study was to examine the efficacy of EMDR treatment for children with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) compared with untreated children in a waiting list control group (WLC) participating in a randomized controlled superiority trial (RCT). Thirty-three 6-16-year-old children with a DSM-IV diagnosis of PTSD were randomly assigned to eight weekly EMDR sessions or the WLC group. The Posttraumatic Stress Symptom Scale for Children (PTSS-C scale) was used in interviews with children to evaluate their symptoms and outcome. Post-treatment scores of the EMDR group were significantly lower than the WLC indicating improvement in total PTSS-C scores, PTSD-related symptom scale, and the subscales re-experiencing and avoidance among subjects in the EMDR group, while untreated children improved in PTSD-non-related symptom scale. The improvement in re-experiencing symptoms proved to be the most significant between-group difference over time. The results of the present exploratory study including a limited number of children with PTSD are encouraging and warrant further controlled studies of larger samples of children suffering from PTSD. [Author Abstract]*
Keywords: Child EMDR PTSD RCT Trauma Empirical Study Quantitative Study Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial
49. Ahrens, R. (2006). Pflege bei posttraumatischen störungen. In R. Aheren (Ed.), Psychiatrische gesundheits - Und krankenpflege — Mental health care, (pp. 297-307). Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer.
Language: German
Format: Book Section
Abstract: *
50. Alatalo, G. L. (1994). Eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing: A new treatment for trauma. Spalding University, Louisville, KY. AAT 9522299.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract: Eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) has been hailed as a new experimental treatment for survivors of trauma that can provide rapid relief from the debilitating symptoms associated with PTSD. EMDR's efficacy reportedly stems from the use of eye-movements that are postulated to stimulate physiological changes in brain activity to produce cognitive restructuring and desensitization of emotional discomfort. This novel procedure has become more prominent with reported benefits for an increasing range of clinical applications. Since there is minimal controlled research, especially in a civilian population, on psychological methods to treat the ill effects of trauma and because EMDR has limited empirical support, further controlled investigation was warranted to supplement this limited body of scientific knowledge.Consequently, the specific goals of this controlled study were to evaluate (1) the efficacy of EMDR in the treatment of civilian trauma survivors, (2) whether or not eye-movements are instrumental to the therapeutic process, and (3) the treatment impact on intrusive and avoidant symptoms. It was hypothesized that (1) an EMDR treatment group would demonstrate greater efficacy when compared to an Alternative group which followed the same treatment protocol except for the substitution of deep breathing for the eye-movements, (2) both the EMDR and Alternative treatments would show significant improvement over a Control group, and (3) there would be similar changes in intrusive and avoidant symptoms. Findings at two month follow-up indicated the EMDR group had significant reductions in intrusive/avoidant symptoms (using the Impact of Event Scale), decreased emotional discomfort related to traumatic memories (rated by Subjective Units of Distress), and improvements in positive self-evaluations (measured by the Validity of Cognition Scale). There were similar results in the Alternative group with the exception of no significant improvement in self-evaluation. This latter finding provides some support for the hypothesis that eye-movements facilitate a cognitive restructuring. Comparisons between the EMDR and Alternative treatments, however, found no significant differences on any of the dependent measures. That is, both treatments appeared to produce comparable positive results which implied eye-movements were no more effective than deep breathing. In addition, both treatments were found to be more effective in easing intrusive symptoms. Other similarities included observable relaxation reactions in both treatments. These overall findings imply a similar change mechanism. Therefore, the efficacy of EMDR may stem more from reciprocal inhibition rather than a cognitive restructuring induced by the eye-movements. If this is valid, then EMDR may be a variant of systematic desensitization. [Author Abstract]* Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 56(3-B), Sep 1995, pp. 1690
Keywords: Americans Avoidance Cognitive Impairment Intrusive Thoughts Longitudinal Study Self Concept Stressors Survivors Treatment Effectiveness Empirical Study Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial
51. Albeck, J. H. (2005). Review of eye movement integration therapy: The comprehensive clinical guide. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 59(3), 290-292.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: Reviews the book Eye Movement Integration Therapy: The Comprehensive Clinical Guide by Danie Beaulieu Dr. Beaulieu has written an excellent description of Eye Movement Integration (EMI) therapy, its rationale, how it is different from Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), and how one might use EMI for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related conditions. The book is "intended both as a primer for those who are interested in EMI training and a reference for those who have already completed training." The author explains that the fundamental difference between EMI and traditional verbal psychotherapies is based upon the pioneering clinical observations of the technique's originators, namely that asking patients to make certain eye movements seem to have therapeutic value for traumatized patients. She cites case examples of many positive outcomes, and some negative ones. The appendix to the book is a scholarly research paper she wrote describing her efforts to prospectively evaluate the efficacy of both single session and 12-session courses of EMI therapy. In summary, this book provides a lucid description of a therapy whose proponents may succeed in eventually moving it into the mainstream of psychology and psychiatry. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Eye Movements Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapy Book Review
52. Albers, J. (2008, June). EMDR & cue exposure – How cue exposure catalyses the effectiveness of the EMDR protocol to diminish craving. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: A structured six-session group therapy has been developed for overcoming craving. Treatment is based upon a standard EMDR protocol supported by cue exposure techniques. The EMDR protocol supported by cue exposure catalyses the recovery process as follows: In the very beginning the participants are taught a set of three ideodynamic resources for coping with the urge to drink. Then they are exposed to alcohol until the urge to drink reaches it´s peak. At this moment they are taught to initialize the standard EMDR protocol - with continued exposure to alcohol. Subsequently, the power of desensitisation and reprocessing followed by one ideodynamic strategy influences the intensity of craving significantly. Craving symptoms diminish and finally disappear. In addition to that new experience the clients acquire greater and deeper knowledge about their personal drinking triggers. They also find out which strategy is the most effective one for each specific trigger. A strategy, which works well with one trigger, may not work with a different one. Workshop participants will learn the system of using cue exposure as a powerful cognitive interweave. This program is designed to improve the treatment of various types of addiction, such as gambling, etc. and can easily be integrated into existing EMDR treatment strategies.
Keywords: Cue Exposure
53. Alden, S. (2001, April). New uses for eye movement therapy. Shape, 101.
Language: English
Format: Magazine
54. Alder-Tapia, R., & Settle, C. (2007). In pursuit of evident-based practice: Qualitative findings from a fidelity from a fidelity study of EMDR with children. (Accepted for Review).
Language: English
Format: Other
Abstract: PowerPoint Presentation
Robbie Adler-Tapia is a licensed psychologist who has worked with traumatized children and their families for twenty-three years. She is certified in EMDR, an EMDRIA Approved Consultant, an EMDR Institute Facilitator, an EMDR/HAP (Humanitarian Assistance Program) Trainer and works with the EMDR HAPKIDS Project. With the EMDR HAPKIDS Project, Dr. Adler-Tapia volunteers to assist with coordinating research, consultation, and training for therapists working with children internationally. Dr. Adler-Tapia has worked with the Gulf Coast project providing specialty training to therapists working with children impacted by Katrina and has provided specialty trainings about EMDR with children at the EMDRIA International Conference and at advanced week-end trainings. Dr. Adler-Tapia is co-author of the new book, EMDR and the Art of Psychotherapy With Children and accompanying treatment manual for clinicians. Dr. Adler-Tapia and Carolyn Settle, MSW have conducted a study on the ability of therapists to maintain fidelity to the EMDR protocol with children and have written a meta-analysis on the literature published on EMDR with children. In her private practice, Dr. Adler-Tapia integrates play therapy and art therapy into the EMDR protocol to work with children with attachment disorders and severe trauma. She also provides counseling, consultation and psychological services for children and families referred by Arizona Child Protective Services and to law enforcement professionals.
Keywords: Children Cognitions
55. Alexander, D. (2003, July). Book review: Treating psychological trauma and PTSD. Trauma, 5, 189.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: *
Keywords: Book Review
56. Alexander, R. J. (1998, September). Comparison of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing and hypnosis. Washington State University. AAT 9825908.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is being used in the treatment of numerous disorders. This research focused on EMDR and hypnosis to gain insight into whether the EMDR procedure is a hypnotic phenomenon. Ten high (SHSS:C = 10-12) and ten low hypnotizables (SHSS:C = 0-3) from a northwestern university were exposed to EMDR treatment based on Shapiro's procedure (1995). Responses to a post hypnotic suggestion given before the installation phase of EMDR were measured. Mann Whitney U results revealed a significant difference between low and high hypnotizable participants' responses suggesting that there is a hypnotic phenomenon present in EMDR. ANOVA results for Subject Units of Disturbance (SUDS) and Validity of Cognition (VOC) measures revealed significant treatment effects for both highs and lows pre- to posttreatment. Comparison of high and low hypnotizable groups on the posttreatment outcome scores of SUDS revealed that highs experienced significantly lower levels of disturbance than lows. Comparison of high and low hypnotizables on the posttreatment outcome scores of the VOC revealed no significant difference between groups. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved) Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 59(3-B), Sep 1998, pp. 1357.*
Keywords: Hypnosis Psychotherapeutic Techniques Empirical Study
57. Algotsson, L. (2004). EMDR – Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, Ett försök att teoretiskt förklara en integrativ metod. Umeå Universitet, Institutionen för klinisk vetenskap, Enheten för psykoterapi.
Language: Swedish
Format: Other
Abstract: *
58. Ali, M. W., & Rana, M. H. (2008, June). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in patients of PTSD following earthquake 2005, Pakistan. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, London, England.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Objective: The purpose of the study is to asses the usefulness of EMDR in patients of PTSD who survived the October 2005 earthquake in Pakistan. Background: On October the 8th an earthquake of 7.6 on rector scale struck Kashmir and Northwest of Pakistan leaving millions injured and more than 80,000 dead. A survey of the affected areas has shown a high prevalence of PTSD amongst the survivors. A selected series of patients with the diagnosis of PTSD from amongst the survivors is enrolled for EMDR at CTRPI. The study is based on their response to this intervention. Design and Settings: The study involves an ongoing compilation of clinical data and the study of therapeutic responses to various interventions including EMDR, at a tertiary mental health facility and Centre for Trauma Research and Psychosocial Interventions (CTRPI), Rawalpindi /Islamabad, Pakistan. This mental health facility is the tertiary care referral point for patients from metal health relief units located allover in earthquake affected areas of Azad Kashmir and Northwest of Pakistan. Method: Earthquake survivors who develop psychosocial sequelae referred to CTRPI from Kashmir, who go on to fulfill the criteria of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder according to ICD-10 are registered for further studies and appropriate interventions. A select group who give informed consent for EMDR are then included for detailed evaluation and follow up. Sessions are conducted in eight phases from manuals by therapists who are trained till level 2 in the method. Pre- treatment assessment is done by an independent assessor for scores on Impact of Event Scale and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). The post treatment assessment is conducted 1 week after the treatment with the same procedures as at pretreatment. In session Scoring of subjective unit of distress is also recorded serially. According to the degree of improvement and severity of illness, sessions of EMDR are carried out with the duration of about 60 to 90 minutes each session and with a minimum of 6 sessions using the bilateral stimulation. The authors plan to compile their work with ten patients who fulfill the prerequisites of the study in process. Results: The work has been done so far on three clients which suggest that EMDR is effective in reducing the scores of IES back to normal and there is marked difference in the GAF level after the said intervention. It has a dramatic effect on 29 within-session SUD levels .Furthermore, at a qualitative level it is observed that involvement of other family members in the therapeutic process may improve treatment adherence. Conclusions: Ongoing results of this study tend to suggest that the EMDR is an effective intervention for patients of PTSD following a natural disaster like an earth quake. However, the results drawn cannot be generalized on account of their small count.
Keywords: PTSD Earthquake Pakistan
59. Alisa, K. (2003). EMDR and hypnotherapy: Working together. Unpublished manuscript.
Language: English
Format: Other
Keywords: Hypnotherapy
60. Allen, G. J., Cónsole D. A., & Keller, M. W. (1998). EMDR: A closer look. New York: Guilford Press.
Language: English
Format: Video
Abstract: Review "This video gives a visual recipe and view of the theory and process of how to do Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR)....The video's strength may lie in allowing clients to view for themselves how well-respected clinicians and researchers have found EMDR helpful to them as well as to their clients....The video and the manual are highly recommended as complementary components for clinicians who wish to increase their comfort level in successfully introducing EMDR to their clients and peers." --Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic
61. Allen, J., & Lewis, L. (1996, Spring). A conceptual framework for treating traumatic memories and its application to EMDR. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 60(2), 238-263.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: With burgeoning interest in trauma has come a proliferation of interventions for the treatment of intrusive memories. At this stage of development, uniformity of clinical practice in the trauma field is neither possible nor desirable. The literature suggests that a wide range of treatment interventions are effective. But diversity in practice does not preclude coherence in conceptualization. This article presents a general theoretical framework to provide clinicians and patients with a rationale for treating intrusive symptoms of PTSD. To illustrate the applicability of the framework, the authors critique Shapiro's recent theoretical explanation of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), an exemplary cognitive-behavioral approach to the treatment of trauma. EMDR merits careful theoretical reappraisal, because it has become a highly popular and seemingly effective technique that currently rests on an unsound neurobiological theoretical foundation. [Author Abstract]*
Keywords: Hallucinations Intrusive Thoughts Memory Impairment Neurophysiology Professional Criticism Psychotherapeutic Processes PTSD Treatment Effectiveness
62. Allen, T. M. (2004). Efficacy of EMDR and chronic pain management. Illinois School of Professional Psychology, Argosy University Chicago. --.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract: Thesis(Psy.D.), a clinical research project. Dissertation ISPP CRP No.1434 2004 in a digitized collection found via the Argosy University/Chicago Library Dissertation Service Numerical List at http://www.auchicagolib.org/crps.htm *
Keywords: Chronic Pain Management
63. Allen, W. (2002). Coaching amateur athletes: From frozen to fearless. In L. Grodzki (Ed.), The new private practice: Therapist-coaches share stories, strategies, and advice (pp. 178-191). New York: W. W. Norton.
Language: English
Format: Book Section
Abstract: This chapter presents a case study in which the coach, who works with amateur athletes, addresses the fear of an amateur horseback rider who broke her arm horseback riding but wanted to continue the sport. The author describes how she set the goals of addressing and diffusing the upsetting mindset; installing a cognitive-behavioral link to support new skill integration and application; and looking at the client's riding through the lens of an amateur but competitive athlete to see how she could best make certain training decisions. She discusses her tools and techniques, including eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), neurolinguistic programming, shamanic healing, and Buddhist meditation, and presents an extract from her first EMDR session with her silent thinking about the process as it unfolded. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved).*
Keywords: Coaching Amateur Athletes Emotional Trauma Fear Goals Neurolinguistic Programming NLP Shamanic Healing Buddhist Meditation Athletic Performance Coaches Professional Development Buddhism Horses Shamanism Therapists
64. Alley, A., Spinazzola, J., Blaustein, M., & van der Kolk, B. (2005, November). Pretreatment attrition in a PTSD comparative treatment outcome study. Poster presented at the 21st annual meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, Baltimore, MD.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Treatment attrition represents a considerable problem for effective delivery of care for PTSD. While treatment attrition during the course of treatment is well researched, little is known about the factors that affect sample selection before the beginning of a study. Previous research on other Axis I disorders indicates that patients may refuse participation more often because of study medication than because of psychosocial treatment. The present study examines traits and predictors of pretreatment attrition from a study of PTSD that compared treatment outcomes for fluoxetine versus EMDR. Potential study participants were screened over the telephone for study eligibility. During the telephone screen, a total of 394 people met study eligibility requirements but declined participation (59% of total eligible participants). While a variety of factors were cited for declining study participation, consistent with previous research, refusal of study medication emerged as the pre-dominant reason for pretreatment attrition (49%). Results are discussed in terms of how treatment preferences and other pretreatment attrition factors may impact the external validity of comparative treatment outcome studies. Clinical implications discussed include the potential for pretreatment attrition factors to interfere with trauma survivors’ ability to seek and obtain effective treatment
Keywords: Poster Pretreatment Attrition PTSD Comparative Treatment Outcome Study Poster
65. Allon, M. (2006, June). The freeze phenomenon: Its somatic characteristics in therapy. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR Europe Association, Istanbul, Turkey.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Keywords: Freeze Phenomenon
66. Alto, C. (2001, November). Meta-analysis of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing efficacy studies in the treatment of PTSD. Seton Hall University. AAT 3015591.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a relatively new psychological therapy used in the treatment of PTSD and other disorders. EMDR is unique in that it combines sets of therapist-administered eye movements in conjunction with protocol-driven cognitive and affective processing related to past trauma. EMDR has become a controversial technique for reasons including a lack of explanation for why it works and stunning claims made for its efficacy in the literature. Despite a large amount of research over the past decade, EMDR has not before been studied meta-analytically in its own right.The present investigation used meta-analysis to examine the collection of EMDR PTSD studies available in the literature. The literature search resulted in a total of 21 studies, which met inclusion criteria. These primary studies in turn resulted in a collection of 118 effect sizes included in the analysis. Two separate analyses were conducted dependent on whether EMDR was compared to a no treatment control group or an alternative treatment control group. In addition to an overall estimate of the efficacy of EMDR in the treatment of PTSD represented through an effect size, five sub-hypotheses were investigated. First, it was hypothesized that RMDR would be more efficacious with a non-combat population than with combat-related PTSD. The second sub-hypothesis was that there would be significantly larger treatment effects associated with verbal report measures than with physiological outcome measures used in EMDR PTSD studies. Third, it was hypothesized that earlier EMDR studies would show larger treatment effects than more recent EMDR studies. The fourth sub-hypothesis concerned treatment dosage. It was hypothesized that there would not be significant differences based on the number of treatment sessions administered. Finally, it was hypothesized that the bilateral stimulation component of EMDR therapy would not contribute significantly to treatment effects. The analysis consisted of generating effect sizes in the form of standardized difference scores on the various outcome measures. Effect sizes were then grouped according to independent variable categories and averaged together. Before testing for between-group differences, homogeneity testing was completed. [Author Abstract]* Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 62(5-B), Nov 2001, pp. 2474.
Keywords: PTSD Meta Analysis Treatment Effectiveness Empirical Study Treatment Outcome/Clinical Trial
67. Amen, D. G. (2003, September). Brain SPECT imaging in PTSD and EMDR. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: *
68. Amen, D. G. (2003, September). Change your brain, change your life: Breakthrough information on seeing and healing the brain. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: *
69. Amen, D. G. (1997, July). A clinician’s guide to understanding and treating ADD. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Francisco, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Focuses primarily on ADD not EMDR.*
70. Amen, D. G. (1999, June). Change your brain, change your life (EMDR not the focus). Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Las Vegas, NV.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: Participants will: 1) learn the functions the problems associated with five different brain systems; 2) learn the impact of head injuries on psychological behavior; and 3) develop three psychological strategies for enhancing each different brain system*
Keywords: Brain SPECT Brain Systems Head Injuries
71. Amendolia, R. D. (1998). A narrative constructivist perspective of treatment of posttraumatic stress disorders with Ericksonian hypnosis and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Trauma Response, 13-14.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: In a trauma survivor, physiological responses are exacerbated when the affect-laden memories stored in associative networks are triggered by environmental sensory inputs or cues and activate the autonomic nervous system. Recovery from trauma involves not only amelioration of physiological and dissociative symptoms, but also the cognitive rebuilding of a viable assumptive world view which integrates the realms of vulnerability, meaning and self-esteem. This world view is contextualized in cultural idioms and values. From an Ericksonian perspective, persons are usually attempting to problem-solve, even in a dissociative date. A symptom such as an intrusive recollection or recurrent dream of a traumatic event is therefore construed as a request for help in problem-solving. Hypnosis is a structured dissociation which facilitates cognitive flexibility; that is, the broadening of choices of the client' s belief system, rather than direct work on changing affect or behaviors. The goal of Ericksonian hypnosis is to recontextualize the traumatic memory, the affect of fear, and the physiological hyperarousal cued by the traumatic memory. This occurs within a broader context of pride, mastery and courage, and within a context inclusive of other memories and affects, which are positive for the client. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), similarly has as its goal the facilitation of a transfer of traumatic data from the cortical right hemisphere to the left hemisphere. EMDR also utilizes the attainment of a state of heightened awareness, or collaborative structured dissociation, in order to facilitate the orientation of the traumatized client's conscious mind toward "revisiting" traumatic memories. Both interventions can facilitate the self-narrative reconstruction process of trauma survivors by simultaneously modulating the person's hyperarousal while attending to the culturally significant metaphors which form the building blocks of a person' s world of meanings. [AAETS]
Keywords: Eriksonian Hypnosis Narrative Constructionist
72. Amendolia, R. D. (1997, July). Arts-based EMDR treatment of PTSD from a constructivist view. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, San Francisco, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: *
Keywords: PTSD Art Therapy
73. Amendolia, R. D., & Gemme, J. (2006, September). The role of culture, ethnicity and spirituality in the treatment of trauma. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Philadelphia, PA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: The Narrative Constructivist personal psychology model postulates that traumatized children and adults experience disturbances in cognitive schemata within domains of their psychological and interpersonal functioning: safety, trust, power, esteem and intimacy. Their processing of themselves and the world, which is greatly affected by ethno-cultural and spiritual beliefs, becomes rigidified around the "trauma story." Their responses to stimuli are thus limited to repetitive and intrusive manifestations of fear and withdrawal. Utilizing culturally and spilitually salient metaphors, as well appropriate timing, EMDR facilitates the creation of meaningful narratives about the person's present and future and the world, enhancing sense of self and focused, purposeful behaviors. This symposium will introduce the narrative/cultural context model of trauma, with discussion, film clips and handouts; engage participants in a brief group intervention based on this model, to explore the emotional impact of ethno-cultural issues in regard to trauma and treatment interventions; and present clinical cases treated with EMDR based on cultural-sensitive choice-points and useful metaphors in work with diverse populations.*
Keywords: Culture Ethnicity Spiriturality
74. Amendolia, R. D., Bressler-Wakesburg, E., & Giles-Monroe, E. (2004, September). The role of culture, ethnicity and spirituality in the treatment of trauma. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Montreal, Quebec Canada.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: *
Keywords: Culture Ethnicity Trauma Spirituality
75. Amendolia, R., & Morier, J. (1998, July). When right is might: The power of visual metaphor in EMDR treatment of children and adults. Paper presented at the annuual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Austin, TX.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: *
Keywords: Children Adults Metaphor
76. Amendolia, RA., & Morier, J. (1998, July). When right is might: The power of visual metaphor in EMDR treatment of children and adults. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Baltimore, MD .
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: This workshop will: 1) provide a theroretical assumptive base from which participants may derive a cognitive framework for understanding the interactive/synergistic treatment effects of two transformational therapeutic processes; 2) extend and deepen the participants' understanding of this synergistic transformational process through audiovisual and anecdotal case presentations of EMDR with Visual Metaphor treatment with children and adults; 3) further expand participants' clinical creativity and facility with innovative, safe and meaningful cognitive interweaves and elicitation of targets, effect and cognitions; and 4) introduce a pilot EMDR research protocol and preliminary data of treatment outcome with both children and adults based on the Narrative Constructionist theoretical and clinical moel presented.
Keywords: Narrative Constrictionism Visual Metaphor Cognitive Interweaves Affect Cognitions Research Protocol
77. American Psychiatric Association. (2004, November). Practice guidelines for the treatment of patients with acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder. American Psychiatric Association, Arlington, VA.
Language: English
Format: Publication
Abstract: b) Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) EMDR is a form of psychotherapy that includes an exposure-based therapy (with multiple brief, interrupted exposures to traumatic material), eye movement, and recall and verbalization of traumatic memories of an event or events. It therefore combines multiple theoretical perspectives and techniques, including cognitive behavior therapy. Some point to the use of directed eye movements as a feature markedly distinguishing this form of therapy from other cognitive behavior approaches. Others point to the fact that traumatic material need not be verbalized; instead, patients are directed to think about their traumatic experiences without having to discuss them. Like many of the studies of other cognitive behavior and exposure therapies, most of the well-designed EMDR studies have been small, but several meta-analyses have demonstrated efficacy similar to that of other forms of cognitive and behavior therapy (189–192). Studies also suggest that the eye movements are neither necessary nor sufficient to the outcome (193–195), but these findings remain controversial (196, 197). Although it appears that efficacy may be related to the components of the technique common to other exposure-based cognitive therapies, as in the previously described cognitive behavior therapies, further study is necessary to clearly identify the effective subcomponents of combined techniques. Follow-up studies are also needed to determine whether observed improvements are maintained over time.
Keywords: Treatment Guidelines
78. American Psychological Association. (1997). EMDR (Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) for trauma. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Language: English
Format: Video
Keywords: Trauma
79. Amundsen, J. E., & Karstad, K. (2006, May). Om bare Jeppe visste...- EMDR og rusbehandling [Integrating EMDR and the treatment of substance abuse]. Tidsskrift for Norsk Psykologforening, 43(5), 469-475.
Language: Norwegian
Format: Journal
Abstract: This article focuses on the use of EMDR in the treatment of clients with substance abuse. Persons in this client group seem to display a high rate of symptoms related to PTSD. The authors present a theoretical rationale for treatment of substance abuse and trauma. Referring to 20 different treatment cases employing EMDR, they demonstrate how EMDR can be used to help persons in this particular client group. Potential problems arising during treatment are also discussed. The authors suggest that the traditional EMDR protocol should be adapted for use with this client group. They conclude that the use of EMDR in the treatment of clients with substance abuse does indeed seem both useful and beneficial. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)*
Keywords: Substance Abuse Client Group Treatment PTSD Clients Drug Abuse Symptoms
80. An, K. (1999). The use of EMDR in patients with dissociative disorders. Kokoro no Rinsho Arakaruto, 18(1), 88-92.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: *
Keywords: Dissociative Disorders
81. Anchisi, R. (1995, Aprile). L'eye movement desensitization nel trattamento degli incubi: Presentazione di un caso. Psicoterapia Cognitiva e Comportamentale, 1(1), 45.
Language: Italian
Format: Journal
Abstract: Un nuovo metodo terapeutico, descritto nel 1989 da Shapiro e de nomina to "Eye Movement Desensitization", e stato applicato al trattamento di una neurodermatite causata da incubi ricorrenti in un giovane di diciotto anni. La procedura, in due sedute, ha portato alIa completa remissione non solo degli incubi, ma anche della neurodermatite. Non vi e stata alcuna ricaduta, come risulta dal follow up di dodici mesi.*
Keywords: EMD Desensibilizzazione Neurodermatite Incubi Nightmares Neurodermatitis Desensitisation
82. Anchisi, R., Guzzi, R., Fernandez, I., Giannantonio, M., & Ziveri, D. (2001, October). Biofeedback measures in EMDR treatment. In International CIANS Conference (CIANS: Collegium Internationale Activitatis Nervosae Superioris; International Association for Integrative Nervous Functions, Neurobiology of behaviour and Psychosomatics), (pp 141-148) Palermo, Italy.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: *
Keywords: SPR, Biofeeback Training, PTSD
83. Anderson, C. (1996, June). Visualization for survivors of molest. EMDRIA Newsletter, 1(1), 12.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract: *
Keywords: Survivors Visualization Molestation Sexual Abuse
84. Anderson, S. (2002, September 25). Parent Power. Glasgow, Scotland: Daily Record.
Language: English
Format: Newspaper
85. Andonucci, H. (2004). The modifications of the EMDR protocol for sexually abused children. Alliant International University, San Francisco Bay. AAT 3133439.
Language: English
Format: Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract: There is an increasing interest in using the procedures of EMDR with sexually abused children because of its effectiveness in treating PTSD and trauma in adults and children. Within the literature clinicians have reported modifications of the standard adult protocol originally developed by Shapiro in order to facilitate the therapy with children. To date, no study has investigated the actual modifications clinicians use when treating sexually abused children. A study was designed to elicit information about the actual use of such modifications from appropriately trained clinicians who work with sexually abused children 12 years and younger. A questionnaire was developed to obtain demographic information from therapists about their background and experience with abused children. An EMDR protocol modification survey was also created to elicit information about whether and how clinicians alter the standard EMDR protocol for use with abused children. Eight completed surveys were returned and the results of data analysis showed that clinicians do indeed modify the protocol as described and discussed. In particular, the results indicated the importance of modifications in the EMDR procedure for children and suggested important changes in the questionnaire that could be used for future data collection. [Author Abstract]* Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. 65(5-B), 2004, pp. 2611.
Keywords: Child Abuse Rape Survivors School Age Children Psychotherapeutic Processes Empirical Study Qualitative Study
86. Andrade, J., Kavanagh, D., & Baddeley, A. (1997, May). Eye-movements and visual imagery: A working memory approach to the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 36(2), 209-223.
Language: English
Format: Journal
Abstract: It has been claimed that the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be ameliorated by eye-movement desensitization-reprocessing therapy (EMD-R), a procedure that involves the individual making saccadic eye-movements while imagining the traumatic event. We hypothesized that these eye-movements reduce the vividness of distressing images by disrupting the function of the visuospatial sketchpad (VSSP) of working memory, and that by doing so they reduce the intensity of the emotion associated with the image. This hypothesis was tested by asking non-PTSD participants to form images of neutral and negative pictures under dual task conditions. Their images were less vivid with concurrent eye-movements and with a concurrent spatial tapping task that did not involve eye-movements. In the first three experiments, these secondary tasks did not consistently affect participants' emotional responses to the images. However, Expt 4 used personal recollections as stimuli for the imagery task, and demonstrated a significant reduction in emotional response under the same dual task conditions. These results suggest that, if EMD-R works, it does so by reducing the vividness and emotiveness of traumatic images via the VSSP of working memory. Other visuospatial tasks may also be of therapeutic value (PubMed).
Keywords: Experimental Stressors Australia Eye movements PTSD Survivors Pictorial Stimuli Treatment Effectiveness Empirical Study
87. Andresen, K. (2003, September). Focus on the body during EMDR. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the EMDR International Association, Denver, CO.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: *
Keywords: Body
88. Andresen, K. (1993, Fall/Winter). Innovative uses: EMDR body centered processing. EMDR Network Newsletter, 3(2), 19.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract: *
Keywords: Body
89. Angell, J. D. (1995). Case study. EMDR Network Newsletter, 5(3), 6.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract: *
Keywords: Case Report
90. Ankersmit, E. (1992, May). From worthless to working. EMDR Network Newsletter, 2(1), 3-4.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract: *
91. Ankersmit, E. (1994, Issue 1). An interesting observation. EMDR Network Newsletter, 4(1), 10.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract: *
92. Ankersmit, E. (1993, Fall/Winter). The importance of matching positive cognition to client values. EMDR Network Newsletter, 3(2), 20.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Keywords: Positive Cognition
93. Ansorge, R. (1998, April 9). Psychologists see benefits of finger-waving therapy. Knight Ridder/Tribune News Service, [2 pages].
Language: English
Format: Newspaper
Abstract: *
94. Ansorge, R. (1997, April 22). Certain emotional signs can point to post-traumatic stress disorder. Colorado Springs, CO: Gazette, Lifestyle, 2 [1 page].
Language: English
Format: Newspaper
Keywords: PTSD
95. Ansorge, R. (1997, April 22). Taming the terror: Local therapists seek to ease children’s fears with a relatively new – and controversial - technique. Colorado Springs, CO: Gazette, Lifestyle, 1 [4 pages].
Language: English
Format: Newspaper
Abstract: *
Keywords: Overview General Children
96. Ansorge, R. (1999, April 6). New therapy may help traumatized children. Colorado Springs, CO: Gazette, Lifestyle, 1 [2 pages].
Language: English
Format: Newspaper
Abstract: *
97. Anton, A. (1995). EMDR with couples. EMDR Network Newsletter, 5(3), 5-6.
Language: English
Format: Newsletter
Abstract: *
Keywords: Couples Couples Therapy
98. Anton, A., Funabiki, D., & Spiro, M. L. (1993). Somatic disorders. Paper presented at the EMDR Conference, Sunnyvale, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Keywords: Somatic Disorders
99. Anton, A., Funabiki, D., Shiromoto, J. & Spiro, M. L. (1994, March). Somatic disorders. Paper presented at the EMDR Conference, San Jose, CA.
Language: English
Format: Conference
Abstract: *
Keywords: Somatic Disorders
100. Appelo, M., et al (2001). EMDR. Houten: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum.
Language: German
Format: Book
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